Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, 90-1 Iida-cho, Narita, Chiba, 286-8523, Japan; Department of Infectious Diseases, Kameda Medical Center, Kamogawa, Chiba, Japan, 929 Higashi-cho, Kamogawa, Chiba, 296-8602, Japan.
Department of Infectious Diseases, Japanese Red Cross Narita Hospital, 90-1 Iida-cho, Narita, Chiba, 286-8523, Japan.
J Infect Chemother. 2022 Feb;28(2):319-320. doi: 10.1016/j.jiac.2021.10.032. Epub 2021 Nov 12.
The quantitative antigen test based on the chemiluminescent enzyme immunoassay for SARS-CoV-2 has been used in international airports for quarantine in Japan. While cases of false-positive rapid antigen tests for SARS-CoV-2 were reported, false-positive cases of the quantitative antigen test with clinical information are rare. Here, we report a case of acute respiratory infection whose quantitative antigen test for SARS-CoV-2 was suspected to be false positive. A 9-month-old boy who presented with fever and rhinorrhea was admitted to our hospital under the Quarantine Act. He was diagnosed with COVID-19 based on the quantitative antigen test for SARS-CoV-2 performed at the quarantine station. None of the accompanying family members were positive for COVID-19. Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) for SARS-CoV-2 were all negative, and multiplex polymerase chain reaction detected human rhinovirus or enterovirus infection. This case suggests that the results of the quantitative antigen test should be interpreted together with clinical information, and NAAT should be performed when false-positive results are suspected to avoid unnecessary isolation.
基于化学发光酶免疫分析的 SARS-CoV-2 定量抗原检测已在日本国际机场用于检疫。虽然有报道称 SARS-CoV-2 的快速抗原检测出现假阳性病例，但结合临床信息的定量抗原检测出现假阳性病例较为罕见。在这里，我们报告了一例急性呼吸道感染患者，其 SARS-CoV-2 定量抗原检测疑似假阳性。一名 9 个月大的男孩因发热和流涕而被收治入院。他在检疫站进行 SARS-CoV-2 定量抗原检测后被诊断为 COVID-19。没有任何随行的家庭成员 COVID-19 检测呈阳性。SARS-CoV-2 的核酸扩增检测（NAAT）均为阴性，多重聚合酶链反应检测出人鼻病毒或肠道病毒感染。本病例提示，定量抗原检测的结果应结合临床信息进行解读，当怀疑出现假阳性结果时，应进行 NAAT，以避免不必要的隔离。
