Allen W R, Kydd J H, Boyle M S, Antczak D F
Thoroughbred Breeders' Association Equine Fertility Unit, Animal Research Station, Cambridge, U.K.
J Reprod Fertil Suppl. 1987;35:197-209.
Transfer of donkey embryos to horse mares provides a useful model of early fetal death. Endometrial cups do not develop in this one type of extraspecific pregnancy and 80% of donkey fetuses are aborted between Days 80 and 100 of gestation in conjunction with abnormal implantation and an intense accumulation of leucocytes in the endometrium of the surrogate mare. Treatment of mares carrying donkey conceptuses with progestagen (allyl trenbolone) or purified horse chorionic gonadotrophin does not prevent abortion. However, passive immunization with serum from mares carrying intraspecific horse fetuses, or active immunization with donkey lymphocytes, causes a marked increase in fetal survival rate and the birth of live foals. Furthermore, both cytotoxic (rejection type) and immunoprotective maternal immune responses to the xenogeneic donkey fetus can be recalled in mares carrying repeated donkey-in-horse pregnancies. We suggest that the endometrial cup reaction in normal equine pregnancy provides a vital and temporally important antigenic stimulus which results in the mare mounting an immunoprotective response towards her allogeneic fetus in utero.
将驴胚胎移植到母马体内可提供一个早期胎儿死亡的有用模型。在这种种间妊娠类型中，子宫内膜杯不会发育，并且80%的驴胎儿在妊娠第80至100天之间流产，同时伴有异常着床以及代孕母马子宫内膜中白细胞的大量积聚。用孕激素（烯丙孕素）或纯化的马绒毛膜促性腺激素处理怀有驴胚胎的母马并不能防止流产。然而，用怀有同种马胎儿的母马血清进行被动免疫，或用驴淋巴细胞进行主动免疫，会使胎儿存活率显著提高并产下活驹。此外，在怀有重复的马怀驴妊娠的母马中，可以唤起对异种驴胎儿的细胞毒性（排斥型）和免疫保护型母体免疫反应。我们认为，正常马妊娠中的子宫内膜杯反应提供了一种至关重要且具有时间重要性的抗原刺激，这导致母马对其子宫内的同种异体胎儿产生免疫保护反应。
