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Bronchoscopy is a procedure for diagnosis and treatment decision-making in patients with lung disease, especially those with acute respiratory failure. However, the optimal bronchoscopic method for patients with acute respiratory failure is not known. Therefore, in the real world, we sometimes hesitate to perform bronchoscopy in such patients because of safety and have experienced treating patients without bronchoscopy. To address this problem, we evaluated the usefulness and safety of Jackson mask ventilation, a novel noninvasive method of bronchoscopy performed under mask ventilation using the Jackson Rees circuit, in patients with acute respiratory failure.We retrospectively reviewed patients with acute respiratory failure who underwent bronchoscopy at our institution between January 2015 and May 2018. We compared patients who received Jackson mask ventilation (Jackson group) and those who received conventional oxygen administration (conventional group). Mean percutaneous oxygen saturation (SpO2) and mean oxygen flow rate were compared between the groups by the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. We excluded patients who were intubated and those without acute respiratory failure who received Jackson mask ventilation preventively.Of 1262 patients who underwent bronchoscopy, 12 were classified into the Jackson group and 13 into the conventional group. Proper oxygenation was maintained in the Jackson group, with SpO2 increasing after Jackson mask ventilation (89.4% to 96.8%, P = .03). Mean SpO2 was significantly higher in the Jackson group than in the conventional group (96.8% vs 95.2%, P = .03). Mean oxygen flow rate was significantly lower in the Jackson group (4.0 L/min vs 7.9 L/min, P < .001). There was no significant difference in safety.Our findings suggest that Jackson mask ventilation is safe and effective when performing bronchoscopy in patients with acute respiratory failure. Jackson mask ventilation maintained proper oxygenation and decreased the oxygen flow rate compared with the conventional method. Using Jackson mask ventilation, we could perform bronchoscopy safely and effectively in patients with acute respiratory failure, including some who had unstable respiratory status. (UMIN000038481).

支气管镜检查是一种用于诊断和治疗肺部疾病患者，特别是急性呼吸衰竭患者的方法。然而，对于急性呼吸衰竭患者，最佳的支气管镜检查方法尚不清楚。因此，在现实世界中，我们有时会因为安全性而对这些患者犹豫不决，并且在没有支气管镜检查的情况下治疗过患者。为了解决这个问题，我们评估了新型无创支气管镜检查方法——杰克逊面罩通气（Jackson Rees 回路下进行的面罩通气）在急性呼吸衰竭患者中的有用性和安全性。

我们回顾性分析了 2015 年 1 月至 2018 年 5 月期间在我院行支气管镜检查的急性呼吸衰竭患者。我们比较了接受杰克逊面罩通气（杰克逊组）和常规氧疗（常规组）的患者。采用 Wilcoxon 符号秩检验比较两组患者的平均经皮血氧饱和度（SpO2）和平均氧流量。排除气管插管和预防性接受杰克逊面罩通气的无急性呼吸衰竭患者。

在 1262 例行支气管镜检查的患者中，12 例归入杰克逊组，13 例归入常规组。杰克逊组患者氧合良好，杰克逊面罩通气后 SpO2 升高（89.4%至 96.8%，P=0.03）。杰克逊组的平均 SpO2 明显高于常规组（96.8% vs 95.2%，P=0.03）。杰克逊组的平均氧流量明显低于常规组（4.0L/min vs 7.9L/min，P<0.001）。两组安全性无差异。

我们的研究结果表明，对于急性呼吸衰竭患者，杰克逊面罩通气行支气管镜检查是安全有效的。杰克逊面罩通气可维持适当的氧合，降低氧流量，与常规方法相比。使用杰克逊面罩通气，我们可以安全有效地对急性呼吸衰竭患者，包括一些呼吸不稳定的患者进行支气管镜检查。（UMIN000038481）。