Post-Graduate Program in Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil; Department of Nutrition, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Nutr Res. 2021 Nov;95:19-34. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2021.08.006. Epub 2021 Sep 11.
Several studies have associated the food processing classification - NOVA - and health, but this is not true for all noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs). This study aimed to systematically review the association between the intake of NOVA food groups and NCDs. We hypothesized that ultra-processed foods and drinks (UPFD) and processed foods (PF) could increase the risk of NCDs, and that unprocessed (UPF) and minimally processed foods (MPF) may provide protection. We carried out a systematic review of observational studies in January 2021. Searches were performed in SCOPUS, MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, WEB OF SCIENCE, SCIELO, related articles, hand-searching of reference lists, and direct author contact. In all, 2217 citations were identified and 38 articles met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in this systematic review. Among the analyzed food groups, higher UPFD consumption was positively associated with obesity and associated with the development of all NCDs, mainly hypertension, diabetes and dyslipidemia. However, only a few studies have demonstrated the protective effect of natural foods and MPF consumption on the occurrence of NCDs. In conclusion, UPF may increase the risk of NCDs, and natural foods and MPF may reduce it. Our results reinforce the need for the implementation of policies to mitigate the intake of UPF by the population, as it would improve the quality of the dietary patterns, and directly impact on the incidence of NCDs.
已有多项研究将食品加工分类- NOVA-与健康联系起来，但并非所有非传染性慢性病（NCD）都如此。本研究旨在系统地回顾 NOV A 食品组与 NCD 之间的关联。我们假设超加工食品和饮料（UPFD）和加工食品（PF）可能会增加 NCD 的风险，而未加工（UPF）和最低限度加工食品（MPF）可能会提供保护。我们于 2021 年 1 月对观察性研究进行了系统回顾。在 SCOPUS、MEDLINE（通过 PubMed）、EMBASE、WEB OF SCIENCE、SCIELO 中进行了检索，并检索了相关文章、参考文献列表的手工检索以及直接联系作者。总共确定了 2217 条引文，38 篇文章符合纳入本系统综述的标准。在所分析的食品组中，较高的 UPFD 摄入量与肥胖呈正相关，并与所有 NCD 的发生有关，主要是高血压、糖尿病和血脂异常。然而，只有少数研究表明天然食品和 MPF 消费对 NCD 发生具有保护作用。总之，UPF 可能会增加 NCD 的风险，而天然食品和 MPF 可能会降低风险。我们的结果强调了实施政策以减轻人群对 UPFD 的摄入的必要性，因为这将改善饮食模式的质量，并直接影响 NCD 的发病率。
