Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, University of Porto, 4150-180 Porto, Portugal.
Public Health Institute, University of Porto, 4050-091 Porto, Portugal.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jul 10;18(14):7382. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18147382.
Ultra-processed food (UPF) can be harmful to the population's health. To establish associations between UPF and health outcomes, food consumption can be assessed using availability data, such as purchase lists or household budget surveys. The aim of this systematic review was to search studies that related UPF availability with noncommunicable diseases or their risk factors. PRISMA guidelines were used. Searches were performed in PubMed, EBSCO, Scopus and Web of Science in February 2021. The search strategy included terms related to exposure (UPF) and outcomes (noncommunicable diseases and their risk factors). Studies that assessed only food consumption at an individual level and did not present health outcomes were excluded. Two reviewers conducted the selection process, and a third helped when disagreement occurred. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to assess the studies' quality; 998 records were analyzed. All 11 eligible studies were ecological and assessed overweight and obesity as a health outcome, only one showed no positive association with UPF availability. Two studies included the prevalence of diabetes as an outcome, however no significant association was found with UPF availability. Studies relating UPF availability and health outcomes are focused on overweight and obesity. It is necessary to further explore the relationship between other health outcomes and UPF availability using purchase or sales data.
超加工食品（UPF）可能对人群健康有害。为了确定 UPF 与健康结果之间的关联，可以使用可用性数据（如购买清单或家庭预算调查）评估食品消费。本系统评价的目的是搜索与非传染性疾病或其危险因素相关的 UPF 供应的研究。使用 PRISMA 指南。2021 年 2 月在 PubMed、EBSCO、Scopus 和 Web of Science 中进行了检索。检索策略包括与暴露（UPF）和结果（非传染性疾病及其危险因素）相关的术语。仅评估个体水平食物消费且未呈现健康结果的研究被排除在外。两名审查员进行了选择过程，当出现分歧时，第三名审查员提供帮助。使用纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表评估研究质量；分析了 998 条记录。所有 11 项合格研究均为生态学研究，将超重和肥胖作为健康结果进行评估，只有一项研究显示 UPF 供应与超重和肥胖之间没有正相关关系。两项研究将糖尿病患病率作为结果，但与 UPF 供应之间没有发现显著关联。与 UPF 供应和健康结果相关的研究集中于超重和肥胖。有必要使用购买或销售数据进一步探索其他健康结果与 UPF 供应之间的关系。
