Department of Developmental Psychology and Socialization, University of Padua, Via Venezia 8, Padua, Italy; Digital Health Lab, Centre for Digital Health and Wellbeing, Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Trento, Via Sommarive 18, Povo, Italy.
The Net-ONLUS, Via degli Scrovegni 7, Padua, Italy.
Compr Psychiatry. 2022 Jan;112:152285. doi: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2021.152285. Epub 2021 Oct 28.
Research has shown an increased risk for Non-suicidal self-injurious (NSSI) behavior as well as Problematic Smartphone Use (PSU) and particularly in adolescence, a developmental period defined by multi-level changes and still poor self-control capacities associating with risk-taking behaviors.
The current study was aimed to assess the pattern of mutual relations characterizing NSSI considering self-control, internalizing and externalizing problems, and investigating how PSU fits within the network since NSSI and PSU are here conceptualized as attempts at emotion regulation. Age and gender differences were also assessed.
Participants were Italian adolescents presenting NSSI behavior (N = 155; Mage = 14.68; SD = 1.647; Range = 11-18; 43.2%-females); the sample is based on community recruitment. A Network Analysis was performed to assess the organizational structure of NSSI; age and gender differences were assessed through multivariate rank tests further applying multiplicity control.
The emerged Network showed the centrality of low self-control and internalizing problems for NSSI. NSSI and PSU were associated through low self-control, and so were PSU and externalizing problems. Significant age differences were observed showing a decrease in NSSI as age increases (stat = -2.86; adj.p = .029). No gender differences have emerged.
The current findings provide support for the consideration and investigation of PSU as regards NSSI behavior in adolescence. Moreover, these findings point to the relevance of prevention practices during this peculiar developmental period, particularly sustaining self-control capacities and the use of more adaptive emotion regulation strategies, thereby limiting the accrue of at-risk behaviors.
研究表明，非自杀性自我伤害（NSSI）行为以及问题性智能手机使用（PSU）的风险增加，尤其是在青春期，这是一个定义为多层次变化且自我控制能力仍较差的发展时期，与冒险行为相关。
本研究旨在评估 NSSI 与自我控制、内化和外化问题之间相互关系的模式，并探讨 PSU 如何适应网络，因为 NSSI 和 PSU 在这里被概念化为情绪调节的尝试。还评估了年龄和性别差异。
参与者是意大利有 NSSI 行为的青少年（N=155；Mage=14.68；SD=1.647；范围=11-18；43.2%-女性）；该样本基于社区招募。进行网络分析以评估 NSSI 的组织结构；通过多元秩检验评估年龄和性别差异，并进一步应用多重控制。
所呈现的网络显示低自我控制和内化问题对 NSSI 的中心性。NSSI 和 PSU 通过低自我控制相关联，PSU 和外化问题也是如此。观察到显著的年龄差异，表明随着年龄的增长 NSSI 减少（stat= -2.86；adj.p=0.029）。没有出现性别差异。
目前的研究结果为在青少年时期将 PSU 视为 NSSI 行为的考虑和调查提供了支持。此外，这些发现指出在这个特殊的发展时期，预防实践的重要性，特别是维持自我控制能力和使用更适应的情绪调节策略，从而限制了高风险行为的发生。
