Ma Mohan, Xiao Chuman, Ou Wenwen, Li Xiaoshu, Yang Yumeng, Chen Yafei, Ke Chunxi, Liu Jin, Liu Bangshan, Li Yunjing, Yang Siqi, Lu Yimei, Li Liang, Lv Guanyi, Zhao Xiaotian, Qin Yaqi, Wang Mi, Wang Qiyuan, Zhang Yan, Ju Yumeng
Department of Psychiatry, and National Center for Mental Disorders, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Hunan, 410011, Changsha, China.
Xiangya Medical School, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan, Changsha, China.
BMC Psychiatry. 2025 Jul 29;25(1):731. doi: 10.1186/s12888-025-07131-5.
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and Internet addiction (IA) are adolescent maladaptive behaviors that are receiving increasing attention and exerting a significant impact on both adolescent development and public health, and depressive and anxiety symptoms are two of the most associated risk factors of NSSI and IA. This study aimed to use network analysis to explore the associations between NSSI, IA, and depression-anxiety symptoms.
A total of 1799 adolescents aged 12-16 completed self-report questionnaires. We conducted a conditional independence test on NSSI and IA controlling for depression and anxiety, and constructed a partial correlation network and a direct acyclic graph incorporating NSSI, IA, nine depressive symptoms (from PHQ-9), and seven anxiety symptoms (from GAD-7).
Results suggested that there was no significant correlation between NSSI and IA after controlling for depression (P = 0.25) and anxiety (P = 0.14) symptoms. IA was mainly associated with Anxiety symptoms, and NSSI was associated with both anxiety and depressive symptoms. Suicidal ideation and afraid were causally related to NSSI, and restlessness was causally related to IA.
This study suggests that NSSI and IA are conditionally independent of depression and anxiety. Specific symptoms including suicidal ideation, afraid, and restlessness are the key intervention targets of NSSI and IA behaviors.
非自杀性自伤（NSSI）和网络成瘾（IA）是青少年的适应不良行为，日益受到关注，并对青少年发展和公共卫生产生重大影响，而抑郁和焦虑症状是与NSSI和IA最相关的两个风险因素。本研究旨在使用网络分析来探讨NSSI、IA与抑郁-焦虑症状之间的关联。
共有1799名12至16岁的青少年完成了自我报告问卷。我们对控制抑郁和焦虑的NSSI和IA进行了条件独立性检验，并构建了一个包含NSSI、IA、9种抑郁症状（来自PHQ-9）和7种焦虑症状（来自GAD-7）的偏相关网络和一个有向无环图。
结果表明，在控制抑郁（P = 0.25）和焦虑（P = 0.14）症状后，NSSI与IA之间无显著相关性。IA主要与焦虑症状相关，而NSSI与焦虑和抑郁症状均相关。自杀意念和恐惧与NSSI存在因果关系，坐立不安与IA存在因果关系。
本研究表明，NSSI和IA在条件上独立于抑郁和焦虑。包括自杀意念、恐惧和坐立不安在内的特定症状是NSSI和IA行为的关键干预靶点。
