Key Laboratory of Ecology of Rare and Endangered Species and Environmental Protection (Guangxi Normal University), Ministry of Education, China; College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China.
College of Environment and Resources, Guangxi Normal University, 541004 Guilin, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Jan 15;804:150282. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150282. Epub 2021 Sep 10.
Phytoextraction is an in situ remediation technique that uses (hyper)accumulator plant species to extract metal(loid)s from contaminated soils. Field studies can help in selecting appropriate plants for phytoextraction and in better understanding their phytoextraction performance. Hence, a field study was conducted using six (hyper)accumulator species (Solanum nigrum L., Bidens pilosa L., Xanthium strumarium L., Helianthus annuus L., Lonicera japonica T. and Pennisetum sinese R.) over two years in Jiaoxi town, Liuyang city, Hunan Province, China, to determine the effect of the (hyper)accumulator rhizospheres on field soils contaminated with multiple metal(loid)s and to analyze the variations in rhizosphere soil microbial community diversity and composition. After two years of field experiments, compared to the other four (hyper)accumulators, Bidens pilosa L. and Xanthium strumarium L. exhibited not only better metal(loid) phytoextraction abilities but also higher shoot biomasses. The contents of diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA)-extractable Pb, Cd and Zn decreased in the rhizosphere soils of all six (hyper)accumulators after repeated phytoextraction. Moreover, our findings illustrated that hyperaccumulator planting helps improve and rebuild the soil bacterial community composition and structure in contaminated soils by shifting the soil physiochemical properties. After repeated planting, the soil bacterial communities were reconstructed and dominated by Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota, Chloroflexi and Acidobacteriota at the phylum level. The soil fungal communities were dominated by Ascomycota, Basidiomycota and Mortierellomycota at the phylum level. The reconstruction of soil microbial communities may help (hyper)accumulators adapt to metal(loid)-contaminated environments and improve their phytoextraction abilities.
植物提取是一种原位修复技术，它利用（超）积累植物从污染土壤中提取金属（类）。田间研究有助于选择适合植物提取的植物，并更好地了解它们的植物提取性能。因此，在中国湖南省浏阳市蕉溪镇进行了一项为期两年的田间研究，使用六种（超）积累物种（龙葵、鬼针草、苍耳、向日葵、金银花和狼尾草），以确定（超）积累植物根际对受多种金属（类）污染的田间土壤的影响，并分析根际土壤微生物群落多样性和组成的变化。经过两年的田间试验，与其他四种（超）积累植物相比，鬼针草和苍耳不仅表现出更好的金属（类）植物提取能力，而且地上生物量更高。在重复植物提取后，六种（超）积累植物根际土壤中 DTPA 可提取的 Pb、Cd 和 Zn 含量均降低。此外，我们的研究结果表明，通过改变土壤理化性质，超积累植物的种植有助于改善和重建污染土壤中的细菌群落组成和结构。经过反复种植，土壤细菌群落被重建，以变形菌门、放线菌门、绿弯菌门和酸杆菌门为优势门。土壤真菌群落以子囊菌门、担子菌门和毛霉门为优势门。土壤微生物群落的重建可能有助于（超）积累植物适应金属（类）污染环境并提高其植物提取能力。
