Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MC 7022, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3930, USA.
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, MC 4010, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3930, USA.
Rheum Dis Clin North Am. 2022 Feb;48(1):271-285. doi: 10.1016/j.rdc.2021.09.003.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex, multisystem chronic autoimmune disease. Because of its diverse phenotypes, diagnosis of SLE can be challenging, and current biomarkers are insufficient. Childhood-onset SLE (cSLE), although less prevalent, has higher morbidity and mortality, and early diagnosis is critical for improving outcomes. Many studies have focused on discovering new biomarkers to better diagnose and monitor SLE and cSLE. Herein, the authors aim to review the most investigated biomarkers in development for cSLE, focusing on those that can be measured in the blood or urine.
系统性红斑狼疮（SLE）是一种复杂的、多系统的慢性自身免疫性疾病。由于其表现多样，SLE 的诊断具有挑战性，且目前的生物标志物还不够充分。儿童发病的系统性红斑狼疮（cSLE）虽然发病率较低，但发病率和死亡率较高，早期诊断对于改善预后至关重要。许多研究都集中在发现新的生物标志物，以更好地诊断和监测 SLE 和 cSLE。在此，作者旨在回顾 cSLE 中最具研究前景的生物标志物，重点关注那些可以在血液或尿液中测量的标志物。
