University of California San Francisco, 400 Parnassus Avenue, 8th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
University of California San Francisco, 400 Parnassus Avenue, 8th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
Neurol Clin. 2022 Feb;40(1):175-190. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2021.08.013.
Neuropathies are a common problem encountered by neurologist in the hospitalized setting. Nerve injury may occur secondary to compression, stretch, and direct trauma, among other causes. Common focal neuropathies include the ulnar, median, and radial nerve in the upper extremities and sciatic, peroneal, and femoral nerve in the lower extremities. Surgical and obstetric risk factors are especially important considerations in evaluation of patients with focal neuropathies. Treatment is either conservative therapy or surgery depending on the mechanism of injury and extent of recovery.
神经病变是神经科医生在住院环境中经常遇到的问题。神经损伤可继发于压迫、拉伸和直接创伤等原因。常见的局灶性神经病包括上肢的尺神经、正中神经和桡神经，以及下肢的坐骨神经、腓总神经和股神经。手术和产科危险因素是评估局灶性神经病患者时特别重要的考虑因素。治疗方法取决于损伤机制和恢复程度，包括保守治疗或手术。
