Department of Biosciences, COMSATS University Islamabad (CUI), Park Road, Islamabad, 45550, Pakistan.
Institute of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, 60000, Pakistan.
Mol Biol Rep. 2022 Feb;49(2):1379-1387. doi: 10.1007/s11033-021-06971-0. Epub 2021 Nov 20.
The COBL genes encode a plant-specific glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored protein. Recently identified COBRA genes are supposed as a key regulator of the orientation of cell expansion in the root indicating that COBRA gene family members are likely to be important players at the plasma membrane-cell wall interface.
Five COBL gene namely, TaCOBL 1, TaCOBL 2, TaCOBL 3, TaCOBL 4 and TaCOBL 5 were identified using database search and domain predictions. Chromosomal location of each gene was mapped on karyotype. Structure of genes, promoter analysis and phylogenetic analysis were performed using different bioinformatics tools. Set of novel SNPs were also predicted. Gene ontologies were analyzed, and the processes and pathways were identified in which COBRA genes were involved. The molecular weight all the cobra proteins was in range of 50-75 KDa with 429-461 amino acid residues. The COBL genes were mapped on homeologous groups 2, 4, 5, 6 and 7. Gene ontology analysis revealed that TaCOBL genes were involved in cellulose microfibril organization, mucilage biosynthetic process involved in seed coat development, plant-type cell wall biogenesis plant-type cell wall cellulose biosynthetic process, seed coat development and seed development. Three drought responsive cis-elements (WRKY, ABRE and DRE) were found nearby COBL genes The qRT-PCR revealed TaCOBL genes are drought responsive and can be further explored to understand their role in drought tolerance in wheat.
The comprehensive annotation and expression profiling of COBL genes revealed that all five COBL genes are drought response. The promoter cis-regulatory element analysis revealed that COBL genes had stress related WRKY, ABRE and DRE cis-regulatory elements. This evidence suggest that TaCOBL genes are involved in drought stress tolerance.
COBL 基因编码一种植物特异性糖基磷脂酰肌醇（GPI）锚定蛋白。最近发现的 COBRA 基因被认为是根细胞扩展方向的关键调节剂，这表明 COBRA 基因家族成员很可能是质膜-细胞壁界面的重要参与者。
使用数据库搜索和结构域预测，鉴定了五个 COBL 基因，分别为 TaCOBL1、TaCOBL2、TaCOBL3、TaCOBL4 和 TaCOBL5。每个基因的染色体位置都映射到核型上。使用不同的生物信息学工具进行基因结构、启动子分析和系统发育分析。还预测了一组新的 SNP。对基因本体论进行了分析，并确定了 COBRA 基因参与的过程和途径。所有 cobra 蛋白的分子量都在 50-75 kDa 之间，氨基酸残基数量为 429-461。COBL 基因被映射到同源群 2、4、5、6 和 7 上。基因本体论分析表明，TaCOBL 基因参与纤维素微纤丝组织、参与种皮发育的粘液生物合成过程、植物细胞壁生物发生的植物细胞壁纤维素生物合成过程、种皮发育和种子发育。在 COBL 基因附近发现了三个干旱响应顺式元件（WRKY、ABRE 和 DRE）。qRT-PCR 结果表明 TaCOBL 基因对干旱有响应，可以进一步研究它们在小麦抗旱性中的作用。
COBL 基因的综合注释和表达谱分析表明，五个 COBL 基因均对干旱有响应。启动子顺式调控元件分析表明，COBL 基因具有与应激相关的 WRKY、ABRE 和 DRE 顺式调控元件。这一证据表明 TaCOBL 基因参与了干旱胁迫耐受。
