Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry/Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education/Forewarning and Management of Agricultural and Forestry Pests, Hubei Engineering Technology Center/College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, Hubei, China.
Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Mol Biol Rep. 2020 May;47(5):3885-3907. doi: 10.1007/s11033-020-05477-5. Epub 2020 May 2.
Auxin affects many aspects of plant growth and development by regulating the expression of auxin-responsive genes. As one of the three major auxin-responsive families the Gretchen Hagen3 (GH3) gene family maintains hormonal homeostasis by conjugating excess indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), salicylic acid (SA), and jasmonic acid (JA) to amino acids during hormone and stress-related signaling. Although some work has been carried out the functions of wheat GH3 (TaGH3) family genes in response to abiotic stresses (including salt stress and osmotic stress) are largely unknown. Access to the complete wheat genome sequence permits genome-wide studies on TaGH3s. We performed a systematic identification of the TaGH3 gene family at the genome level and detected 36 members on 14 wheat chromosomes. Many of the genes were segmentally duplicated and Ka/Ks and inter-species synthetic analyses indicated that polyploidization was the contributor to the increased number of TaGH3 members. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that TaGH3 proteins could divided into three major categories (TaGH3-I, TaGH3-II, and TaGH3-III). Diversified cis-elements in the promoters of TaGH3 genes were predicted as essential players in regulating TaGH3 expression patterns. Gene structure and motif analyses indicated that most TaGH3 genes have relatively conserved exon/intron arrangements and motif compositions. Analysis of multiple transcriptome data sets indicated that many TaGH3 genes are responsive to biological and abiotic stresses and possibly have important functions in stress response. qRT-PCR analysis revealed that TaGH3s were induced by salt and osmotic stresses. Customized annotation results revealed that TaGH3s were widely involved in phytohormone response, defense, growth and development, and metabolism. Overall, our work provides a comprehensive insight into the TaGH3 family members, and a basis for the further study of their biological functions in wheat.
生长素通过调节生长素响应基因的表达来影响植物生长和发育的许多方面。作为三大生长素响应家族之一，Gretchen Hagen3（GH3）基因家族通过在激素和应激相关信号转导过程中将过量的吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）、水杨酸（SA）和茉莉酸（JA）与氨基酸结合，维持激素的内稳态。尽管已经进行了一些工作，但小麦 GH3（TaGH3）家族基因在应对非生物胁迫（包括盐胁迫和渗透胁迫）方面的功能在很大程度上尚不清楚。获得完整的小麦基因组序列允许对 TaGH3s 进行全基因组研究。我们在基因组水平上对 TaGH3 基因家族进行了系统鉴定，并在 14 条小麦染色体上检测到 36 个成员。许多基因发生了片段复制，Ka/Ks 和种间综合分析表明，多倍化是导致 TaGH3 成员数量增加的原因。系统发育分析表明，TaGH3 蛋白可分为三大类（TaGH3-I、TaGH3-II 和 TaGH3-III）。TaGH3 基因启动子中的多样化顺式元件被预测为调节 TaGH3 表达模式的关键因素。基因结构和基序分析表明，大多数 TaGH3 基因具有相对保守的外显子/内含子排列和基序组成。对多个转录组数据集的分析表明，许多 TaGH3 基因对生物和非生物胁迫有反应，并且可能在应激反应中具有重要功能。qRT-PCR 分析表明 TaGH3 受到盐和渗透胁迫的诱导。定制注释结果表明，TaGH3 广泛参与植物激素反应、防御、生长发育和代谢。总体而言，我们的工作提供了对 TaGH3 家族成员的全面了解，并为进一步研究它们在小麦中的生物学功能奠定了基础。
