Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis Inc., 333 Portage Street, Kalamazoo, MI, 49007, USA.
Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, Zoetis Inc., 333 Portage Street, Kalamazoo, MI, 49007, USA.
Vet J. 2021 Dec;278:105775. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2021.105775. Epub 2021 Nov 17.
This experimental challenge study assessed immune protection 1 year after a single dose of live-attenuated oral Bordetella bronchiseptica (Bb) vaccine in dogs. Forty Bb-seronegative 7-9-week-old puppies were randomly assigned at Day 0 to receive a single oral dose of either Bb vaccine (n = 20; vaccinated group) or sterile water (n = 20; control group). Groups were housed separately until comingling 1 day pre-challenge (Day 365). Challenge with virulent aerosolized Bb occurred at Day 366. Clinical scores were obtained at Days 1-7, and 366-380. Bb microagglutination test (MAT) titers were obtained at Days -7, 0, monthly post-vaccination, and Days 358, 365, and 380. Nasal swabs were collected for microbiological assessment at Days -7, 0, 365, and 367-380. Oral Bb vaccination was not associated with side effects. Pre-challenge, vaccinated dogs developed persistent Bb MAT titers and control dogs remained seronegative. Post-challenge, duration of cough was longer in control dogs (least square means [LSM], 8.6 days) than vaccinated dogs (LSM, 1.5 days; P < 0.0001), with more control dogs having cough on 2 or more consecutive days (control group, n = 17/19, 89.5%; vaccinated group, n = 3/19, 15.8%; P = 0.0011). Post-challenge, Bb shedding occurred in all control dogs and 5/19 (26%) vaccinated dogs. Average duration of Bb shedding was longer in the control group (11.9 days vs. 0.6 days; P < 0.0001) and nasal Bb loads were higher in the control group (P < 0.00001). Orally administered Bb vaccine stimulated immunity that was still protective against virulent Bb challenge after 1 year.
这项实验性挑战研究评估了犬单次口服减毒活支气管败血波氏杆菌（Bb）疫苗 1 年后的免疫保护作用。40 只 Bb 血清阴性的 7-9 周龄幼犬在第 0 天随机分为两组，每组 20 只，分别接受单次口服 Bb 疫苗（接种组）或无菌水（对照组）。两组在混合前（第 365 天）分别饲养。第 366 天，通过气溶胶化的强毒 Bb 进行攻毒。在第 1-7 天和第 366-380 天获得临床评分。在第-7、0、接种后每月和第 358、365 和 380 天获得 Bb 微量凝集试验（MAT）滴度。在第-7、0、365 天和第 367-380 天采集鼻拭子进行微生物学评估。口服 Bb 疫苗接种无副作用。攻毒前，接种疫苗的犬持续产生 Bb MAT 滴度，而对照犬仍为血清阴性。攻毒后，对照组犬的咳嗽持续时间更长（最小二乘均值 [LSM]，8.6 天），比接种疫苗的犬（LSM，1.5 天；P <0.0001），对照组犬有更多犬连续 2 天以上咳嗽（对照组，n=17/19，89.5%；接种组，n=3/19，15.8%；P=0.0011）。攻毒后，所有对照组犬和 5/19（26%）接种疫苗犬均有 Bb 脱落。对照组 Bb 脱落持续时间较长（11.9 天 vs. 0.6 天；P <0.0001），对照组鼻 Bb 载量更高（P <0.00001）。口服 Bb 疫苗刺激的免疫反应在 1 年后仍能抵抗强毒 Bb 攻毒。
