Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, United States.
University of Minnesota Medical School, Minneapolis, MN, United States.
Int Rev Neurobiol. 2022;161:147-165. doi: 10.1016/bs.irn.2021.07.003. Epub 2021 Jul 29.
Opioids are widely prescribed for pain management, and prescription opioid misuse in adolescents has become a major epidemic in the United States and worldwide. Emerging data indicate that adolescence represents a critical period of brain development, and exposure to opioids during adolescence may increase the risk of addiction in adulthood. There is growing evidence that disruptions in brain glial function may be implicated in numerous chronic neuropathologies. Evidence suggests that glial mechanisms have an important role in the development and maintenance of opioid abuse and the risk for addiction. This review will describe glial and neuroimmune mechanisms involved in opioid use disorders during adolescence, which may increase substance use disorder liability later in life. Moreover, this review will identify some important neuro-glial targets, involved in opioid abuse and addiction, to develop future preventions and treatment strategies.
阿片类药物被广泛用于疼痛管理，青少年中阿片类药物的处方滥用已成为美国和全球的一个主要流行问题。新出现的数据表明，青少年时期代表着大脑发育的关键时期，青少年时期接触阿片类药物可能会增加成年后成瘾的风险。越来越多的证据表明，神经胶质功能的紊乱可能与许多慢性神经病理学有关。有证据表明，神经胶质机制在阿片类药物滥用的发展和维持以及成瘾风险中起着重要作用。本综述将描述青少年时期阿片类药物使用障碍中涉及的神经胶质和神经免疫机制，这些机制可能会增加以后生活中物质使用障碍的易感性。此外，本综述将确定一些涉及阿片类药物滥用和成瘾的重要神经胶质靶点，以制定未来的预防和治疗策略。
