Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
Brain Res Bull. 2020 Feb;155:102-111. doi: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2019.11.012. Epub 2019 Nov 29.
The opioid epidemic is a growing public concern affecting millions of people worldwide. Opioid-induced reward is the initial and key process leading to opioid abuse and addiction. Therefore, a better understanding of opioid reward may be helpful in developing a treatment for opioid addiction. Emerging evidence suggests that glial cells, particularly microglia and astrocytes, play an essential role in modulating opioid reward. Indeed, glial cells and their associated immune signaling actively regulate neural activity and plasticity, and directly modulate opioid-induced rewarding behaviors. In this review, we describe the neuroimmune mechanisms of how glial cells affect synaptic transmission and plasticity as well as how opioids can activate glial cells affecting the glial-neuronal interaction. Last, we summarize current attempts of applying glial modulators in treating opioid reward.
阿片类药物成瘾是一个日益引起公众关注的问题，影响着全球数百万人。阿片类药物诱导的奖赏是导致阿片类药物滥用和成瘾的初始和关键过程。因此，更好地了解阿片类药物奖赏可能有助于开发治疗阿片类药物成瘾的方法。新出现的证据表明，神经胶质细胞，特别是小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞，在调节阿片类药物奖赏中起着至关重要的作用。事实上，神经胶质细胞及其相关的免疫信号积极调节神经活动和可塑性，并直接调节阿片类药物诱导的奖赏行为。在这篇综述中，我们描述了神经胶质细胞如何影响突触传递和可塑性的神经免疫机制，以及阿片类药物如何激活影响胶质细胞-神经元相互作用的神经胶质细胞。最后，我们总结了目前应用神经胶质调节剂治疗阿片类药物奖赏的尝试。
