School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, PR China.
Environ Pollut. 2022 Apr 1;298:118540. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118540. Epub 2021 Nov 18.
The increasing use of rare earth elements (REEs) in various industries has led to a rise in discharge points, thus increasing discharge rates, circulation, and human exposure. Therefore, REEs have received widespread attention as important emerging pollutants. This article thus summarizes and discusses the distribution and occurrence of REEs in the world's soil and water, and briefly introduces current REEs content analysis technology for the examination of different types of samples. Specifically, this review focuses on the impact of REEs on plants, including the distribution and fractionation of REEs in plants and their bioavailability, the effect of REEs on seed germination and growth, the role of REEs in plant resistance, the physiological and biochemical responses of plants in the presence of REEs, including mineral absorption and photosynthesis, as well as a description of the substitution mechanism of REEs competing for Ca in plant cells. Additionally, this article summarizes the potential mechanisms of REEs to activate endocytosis in plants and provides some insights into the mechanisms by which REEs affect endocytosis from a cell and molecular biology perspective. Finally, this article discusses future research prospects and summarizes current scientific findings that could serve as a basis for the development of more sustainable rare earth resource utilization strategies and the assessment of REEs in the environment.
稀土元素（REEs）在各个行业中的应用日益广泛，导致排放点增加，从而增加了排放速率、循环和人类暴露。因此，REEs作为重要的新兴污染物受到了广泛关注。本文总结和讨论了世界土壤和水中 REEs 的分布和存在情况，并简要介绍了当前用于检查不同类型样品的 REEs 含量分析技术。具体来说，本综述重点关注了 REEs 对植物的影响，包括 REEs 在植物中的分布和分馏及其生物利用度、REEs 对种子萌发和生长的影响、REEs 在植物抗性中的作用、植物在存在 REEs 时的生理和生化反应，包括矿物质吸收和光合作用，以及描述 REEs 在植物细胞中替代 Ca 的机制。此外，本文总结了 REEs 激活植物内吞作用的潜在机制，并从细胞和分子生物学的角度探讨了 REEs 影响内吞作用的机制。最后，本文讨论了未来的研究前景，并总结了目前的科学发现，为制定更可持续的稀土资源利用策略和评估环境中的 REEs 提供了依据。
