Krasavtseva Eugenia, Maksimova Victoria, Slukovskaya Marina, Ivanova Tatiana, Mosendz Irina, Elizarova Irina
Laboratory of Nature-Inspired Technologies and Environmental Safety of the Arctic Region, Kola Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fersmana St., 14, 184209 Apatity, Russia.
Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems, Kola Science Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, Fersmana St., 14a, 184209 Apatity, Russia.
Toxics. 2023 Nov 2;11(11):898. doi: 10.3390/toxics11110898.
Mining activities create disturbed and polluted areas in which revegetation is complicated, especially in northern areas. For the first time, the state of the ecosystems in the impact zone of tailings formed during the processing of rare earth element deposits in the Subarctic have been studied. This work aimed to reveal aspects of accumulation and translocation of trace and biogenic elements in plants ( (L.) sp., and Ehrh.) that are predominantly found in primary ecosystems on the tailings of loparite ores processing. The chemical composition of soil, initial and washed plant samples was analyzed using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Factor analysis revealed that anthropogenic and biogenic factors affected the plants' chemical composition. A deficiency of nutrients (Ca, Mg, Mn) in plants growing on tailings was found. The absorption of REE (Ce, La, Sm, Nd) by roots correlated with the soil content of these elements and was maximal in the hydromorphic, which had a high content of organic matter. The content of these elements in leaves in the same site was minimal; the coefficient of REE bioaccumulation was two orders of magnitude less than in the other two sites. The high efficiency of dust capturing and the low translocation coefficient of trace elements allow us to advise for remediation of REE-contained tailings and soils.
采矿活动会造成土地扰动和污染，在这些区域进行植被恢复工作十分复杂，尤其是在北方地区。首次对北极地区稀土元素矿床加工过程中形成的尾矿影响区内的生态系统状况进行了研究。这项工作旨在揭示在磷灰石矿石加工尾矿的原生生态系统中主要发现的植物（（L.）sp.和Ehrh.）中微量元素和生物成因元素的积累和迁移情况。使用电感耦合等离子体质谱法分析了土壤、初始植物样本和洗涤后植物样本的化学成分。因子分析表明，人为因素和生物成因因素影响了植物的化学成分。发现尾矿上生长的植物缺乏养分（钙、镁、锰）。植物根系对稀土元素（铈、镧、钐、钕）的吸收与土壤中这些元素的含量相关，在有机质含量高的水生形态土壤中吸收量最大。同一地点叶片中这些元素的含量最低；稀土元素的生物累积系数比其他两个地点低两个数量级。高效的粉尘捕获能力和微量元素的低迁移系数使我们建议采用[具体植物名称]对含稀土尾矿和土壤进行修复。 （注：原文中括号处的植物学名不完整，翻译时保留原样）
