Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, TTUHSC, United States.
Department of Laboratory Sciences and Primary Care, School of Health Professions, TTUHSC, United States.
Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2022 Jan;32(1):53-68. doi: 10.1016/j.numecd.2021.09.014. Epub 2021 Sep 22.
The often purported claim that coconut fat is beneficial for cardiovascular health and was disputed in several recent meta-analyses. However, the evidence on the effects of coconut fat intake on glycemic control remains equivocal. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines to determine the effects of dietary coconut fats on markers of acute and long-term glycemic control.
PubMed, Scopus, ProQuest, and Web-of-Science databases were searched and the records were screened by three independent reviewers to identify interventional studies examining acute and long-term (i.e., >10 days) effects of coconut fat on glycemic control. DerSimonian-Laird random-effects meta-analyses were performed using the meta-package in R (4.0.2). Seven interventional studies on acute effects and 11 interventional studies on long-term effects of coconut fat were included. Meals with coconut fat acutely increased the incremental area under the curve (AUC) of glucose (p = 0.046) and decreased the incremental AUC of insulin (p = 0.037) vs. control meals. Long-term coconut fat intake increased HOMA-IR (p = 0.049), but did not significantly affect fasting glucose, insulin, or HOMA-β vs. control meals.
Coconut fat in meals seems to be associated with a diminished postprandial insulin response, resulting in a subtle increase in the postprandial glycemic response. Long-term intake of coconut fat seems to increase insulin resistance, yet does not seem to be beneficial for long-term glycemic control. Thus, our results disprove the popular claim that coconut fat improves glycemic control.
PROSPERO registry (CRD42020183450).
椰子油有益于心血管健康的说法经常被提及，但在最近的几项荟萃分析中受到了质疑。然而，关于椰子油摄入量对血糖控制影响的证据仍然存在争议。我们按照 PRISMA 指南进行了系统评价和荟萃分析，以确定饮食中椰子脂肪对急性和长期血糖控制标志物的影响。
我们检索了 PubMed、Scopus、ProQuest 和 Web-of-Science 数据库，并由三名独立评审员筛选记录，以确定检查椰子脂肪对血糖控制的急性和长期（即 >10 天）影响的干预性研究。使用 R（4.0.2）中的 meta-package 进行了 DerSimonian-Laird 随机效应荟萃分析。纳入了 7 项关于急性作用的干预性研究和 11 项关于椰子脂肪长期作用的干预性研究。与对照餐相比，含椰子脂肪的餐可急性增加血糖的增量曲线下面积（AUC）（p=0.046）并降低胰岛素的增量 AUC（p=0.037）。长期摄入椰子脂肪可增加 HOMA-IR（p=0.049），但与对照餐相比，空腹血糖、胰岛素或 HOMA-β无显著变化。
餐中的椰子脂肪似乎与餐后胰岛素反应减弱有关，导致餐后血糖反应略有增加。长期摄入椰子脂肪似乎会增加胰岛素抵抗，但对长期血糖控制似乎没有益处。因此，我们的结果否定了椰子油改善血糖控制的流行说法。
PROSPERO 注册（CRD42020183450）。
