Kim Minsu, Mok Hyejung, Yeo Woon-Seok, Ahn Joong-Hoon, Choi Yoon Kyung
Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Bio/Molecular Informatics Center, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
J Ginseng Res. 2021 Sep;45(5):599-609. doi: 10.1016/j.jgr.2021.02.003. Epub 2021 Mar 6.
Ginseng has long been considered as an herbal medicine. Recent data suggest that ginseng has anti-inflammatory properties and can improve learning- and memory-related function in the central nervous system (CNS) following the development of CNS neuroinflammatory diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, cerebral ischemia, and other neurological disorders. In this review, we discuss the role of ginseng in the neurovascular unit, which is composed of endothelial cells surrounded by astrocytes, pericytes, microglia, neural stem cells, oligodendrocytes, and neurons, especially their blood-brain barrier maintenance, anti-inflammatory effects and regenerative functions. In addition, cell-cell communication enhanced by ginseng may be attributed to regeneration via induction of neurogenesis and angiogenesis in CNS diseases. Thus, ginseng may have therapeutic potential to exert cognitive improvement in neuroinflammatory diseases such as stroke, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease, and Alzheimer's disease.
长期以来，人参一直被视为一种草药。最近的数据表明，人参具有抗炎特性，并且在诸如阿尔茨海默病、脑缺血和其他神经疾病等中枢神经系统（CNS）神经炎症性疾病发生后，能够改善中枢神经系统中与学习和记忆相关的功能。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了人参在神经血管单元中的作用，神经血管单元由被星形胶质细胞、周细胞、小胶质细胞、神经干细胞、少突胶质细胞和神经元包围的内皮细胞组成，特别是其对血脑屏障的维持、抗炎作用和再生功能。此外，人参增强的细胞间通讯可能归因于通过在中枢神经系统疾病中诱导神经发生和血管生成来实现再生。因此，人参可能具有治疗潜力，可在中风、创伤性脑损伤、多发性硬化症、帕金森病和阿尔茨海默病等神经炎症性疾病中发挥改善认知的作用。
