Wöstmann Malte, Erb Julia, Kreitewolf Jens, Obleser Jonas
Department of Psychology, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
Center of Brain, Behavior, and Metabolism, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.
R Soc Open Sci. 2021 Nov 10;8(11):210881. doi: 10.1098/rsos.210881. eCollection 2021 Nov.
Acoustic noise is pervasive in human environments. Some individuals are more tolerant to noise than others. We demonstrate the explanatory potential of Big-5 personality traits neuroticism (being emotionally unstable) and extraversion (being enthusiastic, outgoing) on subjective self-report and objective psycho-acoustic metrics of hearing in noise in two samples (total = 1103). Under statistical control for demographics and in agreement with pre-registered hypotheses, lower neuroticism and higher extraversion independently explained superior self-reported noise resistance, speech-hearing ability and acceptable background noise levels. Surprisingly, objective speech-in-noise recognition instead increased with higher levels of neuroticism. In turn, the bias in subjectively overrating one's own hearing in noise decreases with higher neuroticism but increases with higher extraversion. Of benefit to currently underspecified frameworks of hearing in noise and tailored audiological treatments, these results show that personality explains inter-individual differences in coping with acoustic noise, which is a ubiquitous source of distraction and a health hazard.
声学噪声在人类环境中无处不在。有些人比其他人更能容忍噪声。我们在两个样本（共1103人）中证明了大五人格特质中的神经质（情绪不稳定）和外向性（热情、外向）对噪声环境下听力的主观自我报告和客观心理声学指标的解释潜力。在对人口统计学进行统计控制并与预先注册的假设一致的情况下，较低的神经质和较高的外向性分别解释了更好的自我报告的抗噪能力、言语听力能力和可接受的背景噪声水平。令人惊讶的是，客观的噪声中言语识别能力反而随着神经质水平的提高而增加。反过来，在噪声中主观高估自己听力的偏差随着神经质水平的提高而减小，但随着外向性水平的提高而增加。这些结果对目前尚不明确的噪声环境下听力框架和个性化听力治疗有益，表明人格可以解释个体在应对声学噪声方面的差异，声学噪声是一种普遍存在的干扰源和健康危害。
