M Ali Nashwa, Alawad Abdullah, Alferayan Ahmed, Al-Rumayyan Ahmed, Alkoury Sawsan
College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Riyadh, SAU.
Interventional Radiology, King Saud Medical City, Riyadh, SAU.
Cureus. 2021 Oct 18;13(10):e18874. doi: 10.7759/cureus.18874. eCollection 2021 Oct.
Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare, chronic cerebrovascular disease affecting the cerebral arteries, leading to the development of unique collateral vessels. Few cases were reported from Saudi Arabia; however, the incidence rate is not well-defined. Hence, we present a case of a 13-month-old child who presented to the emergency room with first onset focal seizures with relatively unremarkable past medical and family history. Investigations were ordered accordingly including head computed tomography (CT) scan, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and cerebral angiogram, and he was diagnosed with MMD and considering a broader variety of differential diagnoses for seizures in children is highlighted in our case. Furthermore, considering their predominance in east Asian countries, it highlights a rare presentation in the middle eastern race.
烟雾病（MMD）是一种罕见的慢性脑血管疾病，影响脑动脉，导致独特的侧支血管形成。沙特阿拉伯报道的病例较少；然而，发病率尚不明确。因此，我们报告一例13个月大的儿童，该患儿因首次发作局灶性癫痫就诊于急诊室，既往病史和家族史相对无异常。相应地进行了各项检查，包括头部计算机断层扫描（CT）、脑磁共振成像（MRI）和脑血管造影，诊断为烟雾病，并且我们的病例强调了对儿童癫痫考虑更广泛的鉴别诊断。此外，鉴于烟雾病在东亚国家更为常见，该病例凸显了在中东种族中的罕见表现。
