From the Unit for Occupational and Environmental Health.
Mutagenesis Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Republic of Croatia.
Dermatitis. 2021;32(6):437-443. doi: 10.1097/DER.0000000000000718.
Hairdresser apprentices (HAs) are at high risk of developing occupational contact dermatitis.
To assess skin characteristics of HAs, using genotyping, clinically observed and self-reported skin symptoms, and skin bioengineering methods at the beginning of apprenticeship.
During the screening phase of a prospective cohort study, we recruited 352 HAs in 24 Croatian towns. The protocol included the following: questionnaires with self-reported skin and atopy symptoms evaluation, Osnabrueck Hand Eczema Severity Index (OHSI) for clinical skin assessment, genotyping FLG (filaggrin) gene mutations, skin pH, and transepidermal water loss (TEWL) measurements.
Self-reported skin symptoms were reported by 12%, history of dry hands by 29%, and history of atopy by 46% of HAs. Skin changes were found at the clinical examination in 18% of the HA. The OHSI score was positively correlated with hand TEWL and hand skin pH in multiple regression linear models. An FLG gene mutation was found in 1 apprentice.
Significant prevalence of clinically observed skin signs on the hands was observed in HAs at the beginning of training. The OHSI score was found to be an independent predictor of higher hand TEWL and skin pH values. The need to ameliorate preventive examinations before the enrolment to hairdressing schools was indicated.
美发学徒（HAs）患职业性接触性皮炎的风险很高。
在学徒生涯开始时，通过基因分型、临床观察到的和自我报告的皮肤症状以及皮肤生物工程方法来评估 HAs 的皮肤特征。
在一项前瞻性队列研究的筛选阶段，我们在 24 个克罗地亚城镇招募了 352 名 HAs。该方案包括以下内容：问卷调查，评估自我报告的皮肤和特应性症状；临床皮肤评估的奥斯陆手部湿疹严重指数（OHSI）；FLG（丝聚蛋白）基因突变的基因分型；皮肤 pH 值和经表皮水分流失（TEWL）测量。
12%的 HAs 报告有皮肤症状，29%的 HAs 报告手部干燥，46%的 HAs 报告有特应性病史。在临床检查中发现 18%的 HAs 手部有皮肤变化。OHSI 评分与手部 TEWL 和手部皮肤 pH 值在多元回归线性模型中呈正相关。在 1 名学徒中发现了 FLG 基因突变。
在培训开始时，就观察到 HAs 手上存在明显的临床观察到的皮肤迹象。OHSI 评分是手部 TEWL 和皮肤 pH 值较高的独立预测因子。需要改善入学前的预防性检查。
