Department of Psychology, Sarah Lawrence College.
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles.
Hist Psychol. 2021 Nov;24(4):301-322. doi: 10.1037/hop0000203.
A frequently recounted narrative about the history of the scientific study of emotion moves quickly from the 19th century pioneers, Charles Darwin and William James, to the 1960s when the cognitive turn and basic emotions approach reemerged. The early-to-mid 20th century is often passed over as a period of behaviorist domination where little substantive work on inner states such as emotion took place. While the neurological theories of James Papez and Paul MacLean proposed during this period are usually mentioned, psychological experimentation and theorizing are typically given short shrift when discussing this era. Reconsideration of the life and work of Elizabeth Duffy (1904-1970), a trenchant critic of the use of emotion as a scientific term during the 1930s and 1940s, reveals that many contemporary debates about the definition of emotion and its relationship to other psychological terms were engaged with vigor during this supposedly arid period for the scientific study of emotion. Duffy questioned the adequacy of everyday language for describing foundational psychological constructs. In her opinion, the term emotion was too imprecise and poorly defined to be of use for scientific purposes The professional difficulties faced by female scientists of her generation are among the multiplicity of factors that contribute to the lack of historical attention to Duffy's work. Here we present Duffy's life and work as a case study of the "emotionology" of second-generation American women psychologists. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
关于情感科学研究历史的一个经常被讲述的叙述，从 19 世纪的先驱查尔斯·达尔文和威廉·詹姆斯迅速发展到 20 世纪 60 年代，当时认知转向和基本情绪方法再次出现。20 世纪早期到中期通常被视为行为主义主导的时期，在这个时期，很少有关于情感等内在状态的实质性工作。虽然在此期间提出的詹姆斯·帕佩兹和保罗·麦克莱恩的神经理论通常会被提及，但在讨论这个时代时，心理学实验和理论通常被轻视。重新考虑伊丽莎白·达菲（Elizabeth Duffy，1904-1970 年）的生活和工作，她在 20 世纪 30 年代和 40 年代是情感作为科学术语使用的尖锐批评者，这表明许多关于情感定义及其与其他心理术语关系的当代争论在这个情感科学研究的所谓干旱时期就已经激烈地进行了。达菲质疑日常语言描述基础心理结构的充分性。在她看来，情感这个术语太不精确和定义不明确，无法用于科学目的。她这一代女性科学家所面临的职业困难是导致历史上对达菲工作缺乏关注的众多因素之一。在这里，我们将达菲的生活和工作作为第二代美国女性心理学家的“情感学”案例进行研究。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2021 APA，保留所有权利）。
