Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Vegetation Restoration, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130117, China; Key Laboratory of Vegetation Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Apr 20;818:151738. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151738. Epub 2021 Nov 19.
In response to human-induced changes in the environment, it is crucial to assess the underlying factors of the impacts of forest conversion on ecosystem function. However, research is limited on bacteria and fungi diversity, functional properties, and community assembly mechanisms in response to forest-to-cropland conversion. We categorized soil bacterial and fungal communities from primary forest, secondary forest, and cropland in Changbai Mountains, China. We found that forest-to-cropland conversion altered the structure and composition of bacterial and fungal communities and might be associated with potential changes in function. The null models indicated that the conversion from forest to cropland enhanced the bacterial dispersal limitation process and weakened the fungal dispersal limitation processes. Furthermore, ecological drift dominates the ecological processes of cropland fungi. Both edaphic properties (the content of C: N ratio, available phosphorus, nitrate) significantly impacted on soil bacterial and fungal community structures. In addition, there were significant functional variations in the fungal community between forest-to-cropland. The ectomycorrhizal and saprotrophic fungi showed increased abundance in the forest microbial communities, whereas the endophytic and pathogenic fungal abundance was increased in cropland soil. Taken together, our data illustrate the differences in the response of bacteria and fungi to forest-to-cropland conversion in temperate forest areas and deepen our understanding of the effects of forest conversion on microbial functions and community assembly processes.
针对人类引起的环境变化，评估森林转换对生态系统功能的影响的潜在因素至关重要。然而，关于森林向耕地转换过程中细菌和真菌多样性、功能特性以及群落组装机制的研究还很有限。我们对中国长白山的原始林、次生林和耕地的土壤细菌和真菌群落进行了分类。我们发现，森林向耕地的转换改变了细菌和真菌群落的结构和组成，并且可能与功能的潜在变化有关。零模型表明，从森林向耕地的转换增强了细菌的扩散限制过程，同时削弱了真菌的扩散限制过程。此外，生态漂移主导着耕地真菌的生态过程。土壤性质（C:N 比、有效磷、硝酸盐含量）对土壤细菌和真菌群落结构有显著影响。此外，森林向耕地转换过程中真菌群落的功能也存在显著差异。外生菌根和腐生真菌在森林微生物群落中的丰度增加，而内生菌和病原真菌在耕地土壤中的丰度增加。总的来说，我们的数据说明了温带森林地区细菌和真菌对森林向耕地转换的响应存在差异，并加深了我们对森林转换对微生物功能和群落组装过程影响的理解。
