Department of Geosciences, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil; Department of Geography, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Apr 20;818:151811. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151811. Epub 2021 Nov 20.
In recent years, the Cerrado biome in Brazil (Brazilian savannah) has faced severe environmental problems due to abrupt changes in land use/cover (LUC), causing increased soil loss, sediment yield and water turbidity. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the impacts of soil loss and sediment delivery ratio (SDR) over the last 30 years to simulate future scenarios of soil losses from 2050 to 2100 and to investigate an episode of sediment delivery that occurred in the Rio da Prata Basin (RPB) in 2018. In this study, the following were used: an estimation of soil losses for 1986, 1999, 2007 and 2016 using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE), an estimation of SDR, sediment export and sediment deposition using the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs (InVEST) model, an association of RUSLE factor C to LUC data for 2050 and 2100 based on the CA-Markov hybrid model, and an estimation of future soil erosion scenarios for 2050 and 2100. The results show that over the last 30 years (1986-2016), there has been a reduction in the areas of highly intense and severe degrees. Future soil erosion scenarios (2050-2100) showed a 13.84% increase in areas of soil loss >10 Mg ha year. The results highlighted the importance of assessing the impacts of LUC changes on soil erosion and the export of sediments to agricultural watersheds in the RPB, one of the best ecotourism destinations in Brazil. In addition, the increase in soil loss in the region intensified sediment yield events and increased water turbidity. Furthermore, riparian vegetation, although preserved, was not able to protect the watercourse, showing that it is essential to adopt the best management practices in the agricultural production areas of the basin, especially where ramps are extensive or the slope is greater than 2%, to reduce the runoff velocity and control the movement of sediments on the surface towards the drainage canals. The results of this study are useful for drawing up a soil and water conservation plan for the sustainable production of agriculture and maintenance of ecosystem services in the region.
近年来，巴西的塞拉多生物群（巴西稀树草原）由于土地利用/覆盖（LUC）的急剧变化而面临严重的环境问题，导致土壤流失加剧、泥沙产量增加和水浑浊度上升。因此，本研究旨在评估过去 30 年的土壤流失和泥沙输送比（SDR）的影响，以模拟 2050 年至 2100 年的土壤流失未来情景，并调查 2018 年发生在拉普拉塔河流域（RPB）的一次泥沙输送事件。在本研究中，使用了以下方法：使用修正后的通用土壤流失方程（RUSLE）估计 1986 年、1999 年、2007 年和 2016 年的土壤流失量，使用综合生态系统服务和权衡评估（InVEST）模型估计 SDR、泥沙输出和泥沙沉积，基于 CA-Markov 混合模型将 RUSLE 因子 C 与 2050 年和 2100 年的土地利用/覆盖数据联系起来，以及估计 2050 年和 2100 年的未来土壤侵蚀情景。结果表明，在过去的 30 年（1986-2016 年）中，高强度和严重程度的面积有所减少。未来土壤侵蚀情景（2050-2100 年）显示，土壤流失>10 Mg ha 年的面积增加了 13.84%。结果强调了评估土地利用/覆盖变化对土壤侵蚀和巴西最佳生态旅游目的地之一的 RPB 农业流域泥沙输出影响的重要性。此外，该地区土壤流失的增加加剧了泥沙产量事件和水浑浊度的增加。此外，尽管河岸植被得以保留，但未能保护水道，这表明在流域农业生产区采取最佳管理实践至关重要，特别是在斜坡大于 2%或斜坡较陡的地方，以降低径流速度并控制地表泥沙向排水渠的移动。本研究的结果有助于为该地区的农业可持续生产和生态系统服务的维护制定水土保持计划。
