Graduate School of Medical Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea.
Department of Pediatrics, International St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Korea.
Biomed J. 2022 Feb;45(1):19-26. doi: 10.1016/j.bj.2021.11.003. Epub 2021 Nov 19.
The ketogenic diet (KD) is a high-fat, low-carbohydrate diet, in which fat, instead of glucose, acts as a major energy source through the production of ketone bodies. The KD was formally introduced in 1921 to mimic the biochemical changes associated with fasting and gained recognition as a potent treatment for pediatric epilepsy in the mid-1990s. Recent clinical and scientific knowledge supports the use of the KD in drug-resistant epilepsy patients for its anti-seizure efficacy, safety, and tolerability. The KD is also receiving growing attention as a potential treatment option for other neurological disorders. This article will review on the recent updates on the KD, focusing on its mechanisms of action, its alternatives, expansion on its use in terms of age groups and different regions in the world, and future issues.
生酮饮食（KD）是一种高脂肪、低碳水化合物的饮食，其中脂肪代替葡萄糖，通过酮体的产生成为主要能量来源。KD 于 1921 年正式引入，以模拟与禁食相关的生化变化，并在 20 世纪 90 年代中期被认可为治疗小儿癫痫的有效方法。最近的临床和科学知识支持在耐药性癫痫患者中使用 KD，因为其具有抗癫痫作用、安全性和耐受性。KD 也因其作为治疗其他神经疾病的潜在治疗选择而受到越来越多的关注。本文将综述 KD 的最新进展，重点介绍其作用机制、替代方法、在不同年龄段和世界不同地区的应用扩展，以及未来的问题。
