Edmunds Jordan L, Sonmezoglu Soner, Martens Julien, Von Meier Alexandra, Maharbiz Michel M
Opt Express. 2021 Oct 11;29(21):33716-33727. doi: 10.1364/OE.437915.
Continuous monitoring of voltages ranging from tens to hundreds of kV over environmental conditions, such as temperature, is of great interest in power grid applications. This is typically done via instrument transformers. These transformers, although accurate and robust to environmental conditions, are bulky and expensive, limiting their use in microgrids and distributed sensing applications. Here, we present a millimeter-sized optical voltage sensor based on piezoelectric aluminum nitride (AlN) thin film for continuous measurements of AC voltages <350kV (via capacitive division) that avoids the drawbacks of existing voltage-sensing transformers. This sensor operated with 110μW incident optical power from a low-cost LED achieved a resolution of 170mV in a 5kHz bandwidth, 0.04% second harmonic distortion, and a gain deviation of +/-0.2% over the temperature range of ~20-60°C. The sensor has a breakdown voltage of 100V, and its lifetime can meet or exceed that of instrument transformers when operated at voltages <70kV with capacitive division. We believe that our sensor has the potential to reduce the cost of grid monitoring, providing a path towards more distributed sensing and control of the grid.
在诸如温度等环境条件下对几十千伏到几百千伏的电压进行连续监测，在电网应用中具有重大意义。这通常是通过仪表变压器来完成的。这些变压器虽然精确且对环境条件具有鲁棒性，但体积庞大且成本高昂，限制了它们在微电网和分布式传感应用中的使用。在此，我们展示了一种基于压电氮化铝（AlN）薄膜的毫米级光学电压传感器，用于连续测量低于350kV的交流电压（通过电容分压），该传感器避免了现有电压传感变压器的缺点。该传感器在来自低成本发光二极管的110μW入射光功率下工作，在5kHz带宽内实现了170mV的分辨率、0.04%的二次谐波失真，并且在约20 - 60°C的温度范围内增益偏差为+/-0.2%。该传感器的击穿电压为100V，当在低于70kV的电压下通过电容分压工作时，其寿命能够达到或超过仪表变压器的寿命。我们相信，我们的传感器有潜力降低电网监测成本，为实现电网更分布式的传感与控制提供了一条途径。
