College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650504, China.
College of Science, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650504, China.
Sensors (Basel). 2022 Nov 7;22(21):8573. doi: 10.3390/s22218573.
Traditional contact voltage measurement requires a direct electrical connection to the system, which is not easy to install and maintain. The voltage measurement based on the electric field coupling plate capacitance structure does not need to be in contact with the measured object or the ground, which can avoid the above problems. However, most of the existing flat-plate structure voltage measurement sensors are not only expensive to manufacture, but also bulky, and when the relative position between the wire under test and the sensor changes, it will bring great measurement errors, making it difficult to meet actual needs. Aiming to address the above problems, this paper proposes a multi-electrode array structure non-contact voltage sensor and signal processing algorithm. The sensor is manufactured by the PCB process, which effectively reduces the manufacturing cost and process difficulty. The experimental and simulation results show that, when the relative position of the wire and the sensor is offset by 10 mm in the 45° direction, the relative error of the traditional single-electrode voltage sensor is 17.62%, while the relative error of the multi-electrode voltage sensor designed in this paper is only 0.38%. In addition, the ratio error of the sensor under the condition of power frequency of 50 Hz is less than ±1% and the phase difference is less than 4°. The experimental results show that the sensor has good accuracy and linearity.
传统的接触式电压测量需要与系统进行直接电气连接，这不仅安装和维护困难。基于电场耦合板电容结构的电压测量不需要与被测物体或地面接触，从而可以避免上述问题。然而，大多数现有的平板结构电压测量传感器不仅制造成本高，而且体积庞大，并且当被测导线与传感器之间的相对位置发生变化时，会带来很大的测量误差，难以满足实际需求。针对上述问题，本文提出了一种多电极阵列结构的非接触式电压传感器及信号处理算法。该传感器采用 PCB 工艺制造，有效降低了制造成本和工艺难度。实验和模拟结果表明，当导线与传感器的相对位置在 45°方向上偏移 10mm 时，传统单电极电压传感器的相对误差为 17.62%，而本文设计的多电极电压传感器的相对误差仅为 0.38%。此外，在 50Hz 工频条件下，传感器的比值误差小于±1%，相位差小于 4°。实验结果表明，该传感器具有良好的精度和线性度。
