Sugiyama Takemi, Carver Alison, Sugiyama Masaaki, Lorenzon Alanna, Davison Tanya E
Centre for Urban Transitions, Swinburne University of Technology, Melbourne, Australia.
Mary MacKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, Australia.
HERD. 2022 Apr;15(2):219-232. doi: 10.1177/19375867211059757. Epub 2021 Nov 22.
This study examined associations of objectively measured views of greenery in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) with changes in multiple psychological well-being measures among residents who were newly admitted to RACFs.
Data were collected from 52 residents (mean age: 84, 73% women) of 13 RACFs, located in Melbourne, Australia. The outcomes were changes in depression, stress, anxiety, and quality of life (QoL) between baseline and 8-week follow-up. The exposure measures were the amount and presence of greenery visible from participant's bedroom and common areas (lounge, dining). Greenery was categorized as being either within or beyond the RACF perimeter.
Regression analyses found that greenery visible from participant's bedroom was not associated with any outcomes. The amount of greenery visible from common areas within the RACF perimeter was adversely related to stress, unexpectedly: Each additional 1 m of greenery was associated with a greater increase in stress ( = 0.05; 95% CI [0.07, 0.94]). However, greenery visible from common areas beyond the perimeter contributed favorably to stress and QoL. The presence of such greenery was associated with a lower increase in stress ( = -3.99; 95% CI [-7.75, -0.23]; reference: no greenery), and a 1 m increment was associated with a greater increase in QoL ( = 0.07; 95% CI [0.02, 0.11]).
Views of greenery outside of the RACF from lounge and dining areas may be protective against residents' stress increase and improve their QoL. Locating residents in areas with such outdoor views may prevent their psychological condition from worsening.
本研究调查了澳大利亚墨尔本13家老年护理机构（RACFs）中，客观测量的绿化景观与新入住居民多种心理健康指标变化之间的关联。
收集了澳大利亚墨尔本13家RACFs中52名居民（平均年龄：84岁，73%为女性）的数据。结果指标为基线和8周随访之间抑郁、压力、焦虑和生活质量（QoL）的变化。暴露指标为从参与者卧室和公共区域（休息室、餐厅）可见的绿化量和绿化情况。绿化被分为在RACF范围内或范围外。
回归分析发现，从参与者卧室可见的绿化与任何结果均无关联。出人意料的是，RACF范围内公共区域可见的绿化量与压力呈负相关：每增加1米绿化，压力增加幅度更大（β = 0.05；95%置信区间[0.07, 0.94]）。然而，RACF范围外公共区域可见的绿化对压力和生活质量有积极影响。这种绿化的存在与压力增加幅度较低相关（β = -3.99；95%置信区间[-7.75, -0.23]；参照：无绿化），每增加1米绿化与生活质量增加幅度更大相关（β = 0.07；95%置信区间[0.02, 0.11]）。
从休息室和餐厅看到的RACF外的绿化景观可能有助于防止居民压力增加并改善其生活质量。将居民安置在有此类户外景观的区域可能会防止他们的心理状况恶化。
