Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, s/n, CEP 2090-040, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil..
Museu Nacional, Departamento de Invertebrados, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Quinta da Boa Vista, s/n, CEP 2090-040, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil. Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botnico do Rio de Janeiro, Diretoria de Pesquisas. Rua Pacheco Leo, 915/ 123, CEP 22460-030, Jardim Botnico, Rio de Janeiro/RJ, Brazil..
Zootaxa. 2021 Jul 20;5004(2):251-287. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.5004.2.2.
Petrosiidae (Haplosclerida, Demospongiae) is characterized by the hard and friable consistency, and an isotropic reticulated skeleton of oxeas/ strongyles. The Brazilian coast and oceanic islands harbor three out of four known genera of Petrosiidae: Neopetrosia de Laubenfels, 1949; Petrosia (Petrosia) Vosmaer, 1885 and Xestospongia de Laubenfels, 1932. A taxonomic survey of samples from several expeditions housed at the Porifera Collection of Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, with additional comparative materials obtained from the Museu de Cincias Naturais, Fundao Zoobotnica do Rio Grande do Sul, and Universidade Federal de Pernambuco enabled the description of two new species: P. (P.) revizee sp. nov. and X. dorigo sp. nov. We also recorded a range extention for Neopetrosia proxima and Xestospongia muta, and Xestospongia grayi was synonymized with X. muta. Other species reported from the country are diagnosed, and an identification key for Petrosiidae from Brazil is provided.
软海绵科（寻常海绵纲，多孔动物门）的特点是质地坚硬易碎，骨针呈各向同性的网状排列。巴西沿海和海洋岛屿拥有寻常海绵纲的四个已知属中的三个：1949 年由德劳本费尔斯（de Laubenfels）建立的新软海绵属（Neopetrosia）；1885 年由沃斯迈尔（Vosmaer）建立的软海绵属（Petrosia）和 1932 年由德劳本费尔斯（de Laubenfels）建立的偕海绵属（Xestospongia）。对保存在里约热内卢联邦大学国家博物馆多孔动物收藏馆的几次考察采集样本进行的分类学调查，以及从南里奥格兰德州自然科学博物馆和伯南布哥联邦大学获得的额外比较材料，使我们能够描述两个新种：P.（P.）revizee sp. nov.和 X. dorigo sp. nov.。我们还记录了近缘新软海绵（Neopetrosia proxima）和变异偕海绵（Xestospongia muta）的分布范围扩大，并将格雷偕海绵（Xestospongia grayi）归并为变异偕海绵（Xestospongia muta）。对来自该国的其他物种进行了诊断，并提供了巴西软海绵科的鉴定钥匙。
