Department of Botany, Government Degree College, Ramban, Jammu, 182144, India.
Institute of Environmental Engineering, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776, Warsaw, Poland.
Environ Geochem Health. 2022 Nov;44(11):3725-3742. doi: 10.1007/s10653-021-01157-w. Epub 2021 Nov 22.
The pollution of toxic elements (TEs) in the ecosystem exhibits detrimental effects on the human health. In this paper, we debated remediation approaches for TEs polluted soils via immobilization methods employing numerous amendments with reverence to type of soil and metals, and amendment, immobilization competence, fundamental processes and field applicability. We argued the influence of pH, soil organic matter, textural properties, microbes, speciation and biochar on the bioavailability of TEs. All these properties of soil, microbes and biochar are imperative for effective and safe application of these methods in remediation of TEs contamination in the ecosystem. Further, the application of physiochemical properties, microbes and biochar as amendments has significant synergistic impacts not only on absorption of elements but also on diminution of toxic elements.
生态系统中有毒元素（TEs）的污染对人类健康具有有害影响。在本文中，我们通过使用多种改良剂来讨论受 TE 污染土壤的修复方法，这些改良剂与土壤和金属的类型、改良剂、固定能力、基本过程和现场适用性有关。我们讨论了 pH 值、土壤有机质、质地特性、微生物、形态和生物炭对 TEs 生物利用度的影响。所有这些土壤、微生物和生物炭的特性对于这些方法在修复生态系统中 TEs 污染方面的有效和安全应用都是至关重要的。此外，理化性质、微生物和生物炭作为改良剂的应用不仅对元素的吸收有显著的协同影响，而且对有毒元素的减少也有显著的协同影响。
