BioMotion Center, Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Karlsruhe, Germany.
Department of Prosthodontics, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
J Oral Rehabil. 2022 Mar;49(3):327-336. doi: 10.1111/joor.13284. Epub 2021 Dec 2.
The influence of the stomatognatic system on human posture control has been investigated under static conditions, but the effects on dynamic balance have not yet been considered.
Investigating the influence of different functional stomatognatic activities (jaw clenching (JAW), tongue pressing (TON) and habitual jaw position (HAB)) on postural performance during a dynamic reactive balance task.
Forty-eight physically active and healthy adults were assigned to three groups differing in oral-motor tasks (JAW, TON or HAB). Dynamic reactive balance was assessed by an oscillating platform which was externally perturbed in four directions. Performance was quantified by means of Lehr's damping ratio. Mean speeds of the selected anatomical regions (head, trunk, pelvis, knee and foot) were analysed to determine significant performance differences.
The groups differed significantly in balance performance in direction F (i.e., forwards acceleration of the platform). Post hoc tests revealed that the JAW group had significantly better performance compared with both the HAB and TON groups. Better performance was associated with a decreased mean speed of the analysed anatomical regions.
JAW can improve dynamic reactive balance but the occurrence of positive effects seems to be task-specific and not general. TON seems not to have any observable effects on dynamic reactive balance performance, at least when evaluating it with an oscillating platform. JAW might be a valuable strategy which could possibly reduce the risk of falls in elderly people; however, further investigations are still needed.
口腔颌系统对人体姿势控制的影响已在静态条件下进行了研究，但尚未考虑其对动态平衡的影响。
研究不同功能口腔颌活动（颌紧咬（JAW）、舌压（TON）和习惯性颌位（HAB））对动态反应性平衡任务中姿势表现的影响。
将 48 名身体活跃且健康的成年人分为三组，分别进行不同的口腔颌任务（JAW、TON 或 HAB）。通过外部扰动四个方向的振荡平台评估动态反应性平衡。通过 Lehr 阻尼比来量化性能。分析选定解剖区域（头部、躯干、骨盆、膝盖和脚部）的平均速度，以确定性能差异。
组间在平台向前加速的方向 F 上的平衡性能存在显著差异。事后检验表明，与 HAB 和 TON 组相比，JAW 组的性能显著更好。更好的性能与分析解剖区域的平均速度降低相关。
JAW 可以改善动态反应性平衡，但积极影响似乎是特定任务的，而不是一般性的。TON 似乎对动态反应性平衡性能没有任何可观察到的影响，至少使用振荡平台评估时是这样。JAW 可能是一种有价值的策略，可能会降低老年人跌倒的风险；然而，仍需要进一步的研究。
