Department of Nursing, Tianjin Medical College, Tianjin, China.
Department of Intensive Obstetrics/Obstetrics and Chengdu Women's and Children's Central Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
Breastfeed Med. 2021 Dec;16(12):938-946. doi: 10.1089/bfm.2020.0151. Epub 2021 Nov 23.
To investigate the effects of breastfeeding (BF) on metabolic-related outcomes in women with previous gestational diabetes mellitus. Databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, were searched until March 5, 2020. Finally, 14 high-quality articles were included. Relative risk (RR) and weighted mean difference (WMD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were pooled using Stata14.0 Software. Subjects in the BF group had a lower incidence of diabetes (RR: 0.611, 95% CI: 0.452-0.826, < 0.001) and lower fasting plasma glucose level (WMD: -4.762, 95% CI: -5.552 to -3.973, < 0.001), fasting insulin level (WMD: -21.513, 95% CI: -37.594 to -5.431, = 0.009), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD: -1.107, 95% CI: -1.683 to -0.532, < 0.001), and triglyceride level (WMD: -33.951, 95% CI: -50.714 to -17.189, < 0.001) than those in the non-BF group. The high-density lipoprotein level (WMD: 3.855, 95% CI: 2.629-5.081, < 0.001), low-density lipoprotein level (WMD: 4.223, 95% CI: 0.6712-7.774, = 0.020), and insulin sensitivity index (WMD: 1.503, 95% CI: 0.857-2.160, < 0.001) in the BF group were higher than that in the non-BF group. No difference was found in the 2-hour postprandial blood glucose (WMD: -3.804, 95% CI: -8.237 to 0.630, = 0.093), incidence of prediabetes mellitus (RR: 0.870, 95% CI: 0.750-1.009, = 0.065), or cholesterol level (WMD: 1.377, 95% CI: -8.178 to 10.931, = 0.778) between the two groups. BF may improve several metabolic markers and decrease the risk of developing diabetes.
为了研究母乳喂养（BF）对既往妊娠期糖尿病女性代谢相关结局的影响。检索了包括 PubMed、Embase、Cochrane 图书馆和 Web of Science 在内的数据库，检索截至 2020 年 3 月 5 日。最终纳入 14 篇高质量文献。采用 Stata14.0 软件对相对风险（RR）和加权均数差（WMD）及其 95%置信区间（CI）进行合并。BF 组的糖尿病发生率较低（RR：0.611，95%CI：0.452-0.826， < 0.001），空腹血糖水平（WMD：-4.762，95%CI：-5.552 至-3.973， < 0.001）、空腹胰岛素水平（WMD：-21.513，95%CI：-37.594 至-5.431， = 0.009）、稳态模型评估的胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）（WMD：-1.107，95%CI：-1.683 至-0.532， < 0.001）和甘油三酯水平（WMD：-33.951，95%CI：-50.714 至-17.189， < 0.001）低于非 BF 组。BF 组高密度脂蛋白水平（WMD：3.855，95%CI：2.629-5.081， < 0.001）、低密度脂蛋白水平（WMD：4.223，95%CI：0.6712-7.774， = 0.020）和胰岛素敏感指数（WMD：1.503，95%CI：0.857-2.160， < 0.001）高于非 BF 组。两组间 2 小时餐后血糖（WMD：-3.804，95%CI：-8.237 至 0.630， = 0.093）、糖尿病前期发生率（RR：0.870，95%CI：0.750-1.009， = 0.065）或胆固醇水平（WMD：1.377，95%CI：-8.178 至 10.931， = 0.778）差异无统计学意义。BF 可能改善多种代谢指标，并降低发生糖尿病的风险。
