School of Transportation Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, PR China.
School of Automobile and Traffic Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, PR China.
Traffic Inj Prev. 2022;23(1):17-22. doi: 10.1080/15389588.2021.1995602. Epub 2021 Nov 23.
Traffic crashes under low-visibility conditions are frequent and serious. The aim of this study was to investigate how the road environment affects the severity of pedestrian-vehicle and vehicle-vehicle collisions under low-visibility conditions.
The injury severity of pedestrian-vehicle collisions and vehicle-vehicle collisions under low-visibility conditions was set as the dependent variable and divided into 2 categories: "killed or severe injury collision" and "slight injury collision." Ten variables, including environment conditions, road traffic facility status, collision characteristics, and road attributes, were selected as independent factors according to the existing research and the traffic collision data set. Based on 656 valid pedestrian-vehicle collisions and 1,430 valid vehicle-vehicle collisions under low-visibility conditions, 2 random parameter logit models were established to evaluate the impacts of influencing factors on the severity of pedestrian-vehicle collisions and vehicle-vehicle collisions, in which the effect of unobserved heterogeneity was accounted for.
The results show that visibility, presence of a roadside protection, road type, road pavement condition, and road alignment were significant factors affecting the severity of pedestrian-vehicle collisions. In addition, the presence of a median divider, location of the collision, road type, road surface condition, road pavement condition, and road alignment were significant factors affecting the severity of vehicle-vehicle collisions. Furthermore, the injury severity of both pedestrian-vehicle collisions and vehicle-vehicle collisions under low-visibility conditions on highways, poor road pavement, and non-straight-line sections was more likely to be fatal or serious.
These results have implications for the design of more effective strategies to reduce casualties from traffic crashes under low-visibility conditions.
在低能见度条件下发生的交通事故频繁且严重。本研究旨在探讨道路环境如何影响低能见度条件下行人-车辆和车辆-车辆碰撞的严重程度。
行人-车辆碰撞和低能见度条件下的车辆-车辆碰撞的伤害严重程度被设定为因变量，并分为两类：“死亡或重伤碰撞”和“轻伤碰撞”。根据现有研究和交通碰撞数据集，选择了包括环境条件、道路交通设施状况、碰撞特征和道路属性在内的 10 个变量作为独立因素。基于 656 起有效行人-车辆碰撞和 1430 起有效低能见度条件下的车辆-车辆碰撞，建立了 2 个随机参数对数模型，以评估影响因素对行人-车辆碰撞和车辆-车辆碰撞严重程度的影响，其中考虑了未观察到的异质性的影响。
结果表明，能见度、路边防护设施的存在、道路类型、路面状况和道路线形是影响行人-车辆碰撞严重程度的重要因素。此外，中央分隔带的存在、碰撞位置、道路类型、路面状况、路面状况和道路线形是影响车辆-车辆碰撞严重程度的重要因素。此外，在高速公路、路面状况较差和非直线段，低能见度条件下行人-车辆和车辆-车辆碰撞的伤害严重程度更容易致命或严重。
这些结果对设计更有效的策略以减少低能见度条件下交通事故造成的伤亡具有重要意义。
