Cancer Immunology Project (CIP), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran; Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Blood Transfusion Research Center, High Institute for Research and Education in Transfusion Medicine, Tehran, Iran.
Cytokine. 2022 Feb;150:155772. doi: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155772. Epub 2021 Nov 20.
T-cells, as the main immune cells in fighting against cancer cells, are usually overwhelmed by many factors. Tumor microenvironment (TME) changes are one of the factors that can limit T-cells functions. On the other hand, platelets which are known as the main source of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) in TME, are seemingly insignificant immune cells that can affect T-cell functions. There is a hypothesis that platelets might prevent tumor growth by stimulating cellular immunity, especially T-cells in pre-cancer status while they can inhibit T-cells and stimulate tumor growth in the advanced stage of cancer. Therefore, platelets could act as a double-edged sword in the activation of T-cells under pre-cancer and advanced stages of cancer conditions. In this review, the interaction between platelets and T cells in pre-cancer and advanced stages of cancer and the role of TGF-β signaling in different stages of cancer will be discussed.
T 细胞作为对抗癌细胞的主要免疫细胞，通常会受到许多因素的抑制。肿瘤微环境（TME）的改变是限制 T 细胞功能的因素之一。另一方面，血小板被认为是 TME 中转化生长因子-β（TGF-β）的主要来源，它是一种看似不重要的免疫细胞，但可以影响 T 细胞的功能。有假说认为，血小板可能通过刺激细胞免疫，特别是在癌症前期状态下的 T 细胞，来预防肿瘤生长，而在癌症晚期，血小板则可以抑制 T 细胞并刺激肿瘤生长。因此，血小板在癌症前期和晚期的 T 细胞激活中可能起到双刃剑的作用。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论血小板与 T 细胞在癌症前期和晚期的相互作用，以及 TGF-β 信号通路在不同癌症阶段的作用。
