基于计划行为理论的教育方案对骨质疏松症预防行为的影响：一项随机临床试验。

Effect of educational program based on theory of planned behavior on osteoporosis preventive behaviors: a randomized clinical trial.

机构信息

Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Center, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Department of Community Health and Geriatric Nursing, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

出版信息

BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2021 Nov 23;22(1):980. doi: 10.1186/s12891-021-04861-x.

DOI:10.1186/s12891-021-04861-x

PMID:34814893

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8611908/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

The prevalence of chronic diseases is increasing worldwide. Implementing educational programs is an important step in prevention of chronic diseases in the community setting. This study was conducted to assess the effect of educational program based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) on the osteoporosis preventive behaviors in middle-aged individuals.

METHODS

A randomized clinical trial was conducted on 64 middle-aged individuals presenting to primary care centers. A researcher-made questionnaire developed according to "a guide for compiling and analyzing the questionnaire based on TPB" was used for data collection. Random block sampling was applied to assign participants to control and intervention groups after ensuring the validity and reliability. An educational program on osteoporosis prevention was conducted in six educational sessions based on the TPB constructs for the intervention group in primary care centers. Control group received routine education about lifestyle changes including osteoporosis by primary care centers. Eight weeks after the intervention, the questionnaires were completed again and the data were analyzed using the SPSS V16 software.

RESULTS

Independent t-test found no significant difference in the mean score of knowledge, osteoporosis preventive behavior, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and behavioral intention between intervention and control groups before intervention (p > 0.05). After the intervention, however, a significant difference was found in the mean score of knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control and behavioral intention between the cases in intervention and control groups (P < 0.05). In addition, based on repeated measurement ANOVA, the intervention had a significant effect on knowledge, preventive behaviors, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and behavioral intention (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONS

The results of the present study showed that implementation of an educational intervention based on the Theory of Planned Behavior significantly increased the knowledge along with all constructs of TPB in osteoporosis preventive behaviors.

TRIAL REGISTRATION

This study was registered in the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials IRCT2017081735647N2 (11/10/2017).

摘要

背景

慢性疾病的患病率在全球范围内呈上升趋势。在社区环境中实施教育计划是预防慢性病的重要步骤。本研究旨在评估基于计划行为理论（TPB）的教育计划对中年人群骨质疏松症预防行为的影响。

方法

对 64 名前往初级保健中心的中年个体进行了一项随机临床试验。使用根据“基于 TPB 编制和分析问卷指南”制定的研究者自制问卷进行数据收集。采用随机区组抽样，在确保有效性和可靠性后，将参与者分配到对照组和干预组。在初级保健中心，根据 TPB 结构，为干预组进行六节骨质疏松症预防教育课程。对照组接受初级保健中心关于生活方式改变（包括骨质疏松症）的常规教育。干预 8 周后，再次填写问卷，并使用 SPSS V16 软件分析数据。

结果

独立 t 检验发现，干预前干预组和对照组在知识、骨质疏松症预防行为、态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制和行为意向的平均得分无显著差异（p>0.05）。然而，干预后，干预组和对照组的病例在知识、态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制和行为意向的平均得分存在显著差异（P<0.05）。此外，基于重复测量方差分析，干预对知识、预防行为、态度、主观规范、知觉行为控制和行为意向有显著影响（P<0.05）。