Nutrition Research Center, Department of Public Health, School of Health, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
Departement of Public Health, School of Health, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
BMC Womens Health. 2022 Sep 6;22(1):366. doi: 10.1186/s12905-022-01953-1.
Osteoporosis is one of the most prevalent bone diseases which is preventable. Implementing educational programs is an important step in prevention of chronic diseases in the community setting. One of the theories used for predicting behavior and performing educational intervention is theory of planned behavior (TPB) which predicts the intention of an individual toward doing a specific behavior. This study was conducted to assess the effect of educational intervention based on TPB on behavioral responses of premenopausal women in prevention from osteoporosis in Fasa city, Iran.
This study is a quasi-experimental study performed on 200 women aging from 35 and 55 years who referred to health centers in Fasa city; iran in 2019. Simple random sampling was applied to assign participants to control and intervention groups (100 participant for each group). Data were gathered by a "valid" and "reliable" questionnaire arranged based on the constructs of TPB, nutrition performance and physical activity. An educational program on osteoporosis prevention was conducted. educational intervention was performed in six sessions through group discussions and educational films and booklet for experimental group and then the changes in the scores of the two groups were evaluated and compared. Obtained data were analyzed by SPSS-22 software through Chi-square, independent t-test, paired t-test and ANOVA tests.
The mean ages of studied participants in experimental and control groups were respectively 43.39 [Formula: see text] 5.20 and 42.94 [Formula: see text] 5.52. In experimental group, the average scores of knowledge [2 weeks (31.12 [Formula: see text] 4.20) and 2 months (39.04 [Formula: see text] 4.10) after educational intervention (p < 0.001)], constructs of theory of planned behavior [attitude construct: 2 weeks (89.32 [Formula: see text] 9.22) and 2 months (98.57 [Formula: see text] 9.13) after educational intervention (p < 0.001), Subjective norms construct: 2 weeks(88.39 [Formula: see text] 8.84) and 2 months (122.57 [Formula: see text] 8.58) after educational intervention (p < 0.001), Perceived behavioral control construct: 2 weeks (88.56 [Formula: see text] 8.38) and 2 months (120.15 [Formula: see text] 8.33) after educational intervention (p < 0.001), Behavioral intention construct: 2 weeks (54.44 ± 4.72) and 2 months (60.26 [Formula: see text] 4.12) after educational intervention (p < 0.001)], nutrition performance [2 weeks (19.88 ± 2.56) and 2 months (24.14 [Formula: see text] 2.36) after educational intervention (p < 0.001)] and physical activity [2 weeks (16.75 [Formula: see text] 1.42) and 2 months (18.94 [Formula: see text] 1.68) after educational intervention (p < 0.001)] had more significant enhancement than control group 2 weeks and 2 months after educational intervention.
TPB was effected in nutrition performance and physical activity in osteoporosis prevention of subjects. This theory can be used as a framework for designing and performing educational intervention for preventing osteoporosis and promoting women's health.
骨质疏松症是最常见的骨骼疾病之一，是可以预防的。在社区环境中实施教育计划是预防慢性病的重要步骤。用于预测行为和进行教育干预的理论之一是计划行为理论（TPB），它预测了个体对特定行为的意图。本研究旨在评估基于 TPB 的教育干预对伊朗法萨市绝经前妇女预防骨质疏松症的行为反应的影响。
这是一项准实验研究，在 2019 年对伊朗法萨市健康中心的 200 名年龄在 35 岁至 55 岁之间的女性进行了研究。采用简单随机抽样方法将参与者分配到对照组和干预组（每组 100 名参与者）。通过基于 TPB、营养表现和身体活动的结构排列的“有效”和“可靠”问卷收集数据。为实验组进行了骨质疏松症预防教育计划。通过小组讨论和教育电影和小册子进行了六次教育干预，然后评估和比较两组的分数变化。通过 SPSS-22 软件对获得的数据进行了分析，采用了卡方检验、独立 t 检验、配对 t 检验和方差分析。
实验组和对照组的研究参与者的平均年龄分别为 43.39 [Formula: see text] 5.20 和 42.94 [Formula: see text] 5.52。在实验组中，知识的平均分数[2 周（31.12 [Formula: see text] 4.20）和 2 个月（39.04 [Formula: see text] 4.10）后教育干预（p < 0.001）]，理论计划行为的结构[态度结构：2 周（89.32 [Formula: see text] 9.22）和 2 个月（98.57 [Formula: see text] 9.13）后教育干预（p < 0.001）]，主观规范结构：2 周（88.39 [Formula: see text] 8.84）和 2 个月（122.57 [Formula: see text] 8.58）后教育干预（p < 0.001）]，感知行为控制结构：2 周（88.56 [Formula: see text] 8.38）和 2 个月（120.15 [Formula: see text] 8.33）后教育干预（p < 0.001）]，行为意图结构：2 周（54.44 [Formula: see text] 4.72）和 2 个月（60.26 [Formula: see text] 4.12）后教育干预（p < 0.001）]，营养表现[2 周（19.88 [Formula: see text] 2.56）和 2 个月（24.14 [Formula: see text] 2.36）后教育干预（p < 0.001）]和身体活动[2 周（16.75 [Formula: see text] 1.42）和 2 个月（18.94 [Formula: see text] 1.68）后教育干预（p < 0.001）]的得分在教育干预后 2 周和 2 个月时比对照组有更显著的提高。
TPB 对研究对象的骨质疏松症预防中的营养表现和身体活动产生了影响。该理论可用于设计和实施预防骨质疏松症和促进妇女健康的教育干预措施。
