Institute of Crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China.
Yi Chuan. 2021 Nov 20;43(11):1050-1065. doi: 10.16288/j.yczz.21-233.
Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins constitute one of the largest protein families in land plants. They are sequence-specific RNA-binding proteins and play key roles in posttranscriptional processes within organelles. Their combined actions have profound effects on chloroplast photosynthetic electron transport chain and mitochondrial respiratory chain, affecting photosynthesis and respiration respectively, and ultimately on yield, fertility, and grain quality. Over the past decade, much has been learned about the molecular functions of these proteins on plant growth and development. However, due to the large size of this protein family, the functions of most members remain largely unknown. Here, we summarize the molecular mechanisms of PPR proteins functions on organelle genes, and effects on development of organelles and plants. Problems that need to be resolved are also identified. This article will provide a theoretical basis for understanding the functions of PPR protein family and genetic improvements of grain yield and quality.
五肽重复（PPR）蛋白构成了陆地植物中最大的蛋白质家族之一。它们是序列特异性的 RNA 结合蛋白，在细胞器中的转录后过程中发挥关键作用。它们的共同作用对叶绿体光合作用电子传递链和线粒体呼吸链有深远的影响，分别影响光合作用和呼吸作用，最终影响产量、育性和谷物品质。在过去的十年中，人们对这些蛋白质在植物生长和发育中的分子功能有了更多的了解。然而，由于这个蛋白质家族的庞大，大多数成员的功能仍然很大程度上未知。在这里，我们总结了 PPR 蛋白对细胞器基因的分子机制功能，以及对细胞器和植物发育的影响。同时也确定了需要解决的问题。本文将为理解 PPR 蛋白家族的功能和提高谷物产量和品质的遗传改良提供理论基础。
