School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia
School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland, Australia.
Br J Sports Med. 2022 Jul;56(13):740-754. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2021-104470. Epub 2021 Nov 23.
To review and evaluate the impact of school-based, before-school physical activity (PA) programmes on children's PA levels, health and learning-related outcomes.
Systematic review.
PubMed, PsycINFO, Scopus, Embase and ERIC were searched in January 2021.
(1) Original research published in English, (2) sample included typically developing school-age children and/or adolescents, (3) examined school-based PA programmes delivered before school, (4) included a comparator and (5) reported associations with PA, physical health, learning-related and/or psychosocial outcomes. Studies examining before-school active transport or sport were excluded.
Thirteen articles representing 10 studies were included (published 2012-2020); seven conducted in primary schools. Programmes ranged between 3 weeks and 6 months, primarily operating daily and for 25-40 min. One study examined a programme informed by theory; six incorporated fidelity measures. Data synthesis, considering consistency of findings, showed indeterminate associations for the domains of physical health, learning-related and psychosocial outcomes. Among subdomains, synthesis showed positive associations with before-school and daily PA, cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness, readiness to learn and an inverse association with adiposity. Risk of bias was high/serious or insufficiently detailed across studies and outcome domains, except PA, which included moderate-risk studies.
There is limited available evidence on school-based, before-school PA programmes, with some positive associations at domain and subdomain levels. Continued research is justified to understand the role of before-school programmes for facilitating PA. Future research should follow recommended practice for intervention design and process evaluation, and address under-represented contexts, including secondary schools.
CRD42020181108.
综述和评估以学校为基础的、上学前体育活动（PA）方案对儿童 PA 水平、健康和与学习相关的结果的影响。
系统评价。
2021 年 1 月在 PubMed、PsycINFO、Scopus、Embase 和 ERIC 中进行了检索。
（1）以英文发表的原始研究，（2）样本包括典型的学龄儿童和/或青少年，（3）研究以学校为基础的上学前 PA 方案，（4）包括对照组，（5）报告与 PA、身体健康、与学习相关和/或心理社会结果相关的关联。不包括上学前主动交通或运动的研究。
纳入了 13 篇代表 10 项研究的文章（发表于 2012 年至 2020 年）；7 项研究在小学进行。方案的持续时间为 3 周至 6 个月，主要是每天进行，持续 25-40 分钟。一项研究检验了一个受理论启发的方案；六项研究纳入了保真度措施。考虑到研究结果的一致性，数据综合显示，在身体健康、与学习相关和心理社会结果的领域中存在不确定的关联。在子领域中，综合结果显示与上学前和日常 PA、心肺和肌肉健康、学习准备以及肥胖呈正相关，与肥胖呈负相关。除了 PA 之外，各研究和结果领域的偏倚风险均较高/严重或不够详细，PA 包括中度风险研究。
关于以学校为基础的、上学前的 PA 方案，现有证据有限，在域和子域层面上有一些积极的关联。有理由继续开展研究，以了解上学前方案在促进 PA 方面的作用。未来的研究应遵循干预设计和过程评估的建议做法，并解决代表性不足的情况，包括中学。
PROSPERO 注册号：CRD42020181108。
