Baek Minsung, Kim Jinyoung, Jin Jaegyu, Choi Jang Wook
School of Chemical and Biological Engineering and Institute of Chemical Processes, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Institute of Battery Technology, SK on, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
Nat Commun. 2021 Nov 23;12(1):6807. doi: 10.1038/s41467-021-27095-w.
Extremely fast charging (i.e. 80% of storage capacity within 15 min) is a pressing requirement for current lithium-ion battery technology and also affects the planning of charging infrastructure. Accelerating lithium ion transport through the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) is a major obstacle in boosting charging rate; in turn, limited kinetics at the SEI layer negatively affect the cycle life and battery safety as a result of lithium metal plating on the electrode surface. Here, we report a γ-ray-driven SEI layer that allows a battery cell to be charged to 80% capacity in 10.8 min as determined for a graphite full-cell with a capacity of 2.6 mAh cm. This exceptional charging performance is attributed to the lithium fluoride-rich SEI induced by salt-dominant decomposition via γ-ray irradiation. This study highlights the potential of non-electrochemical approaches to adjust the SEI composition toward fast charging and long-term stability, two parameters that are difficult to improve simultaneously in typical electrochemical processes owing to the trade-off relation.
极快速充电（即在15分钟内达到存储容量的80%）是当前锂离子电池技术的迫切需求，也影响着充电基础设施的规划。加速锂离子通过固体电解质界面（SEI）传输是提高充电速率的主要障碍；反过来，SEI层有限的动力学由于锂金属在电极表面镀覆而对电池循环寿命和安全性产生负面影响。在此，我们报道了一种由γ射线驱动的SEI层，对于容量为2.6 mAh cm的石墨全电池，该SEI层能使其在10.8分钟内充电至80%容量。这种卓越的充电性能归因于通过γ射线辐照以盐为主导的分解所诱导的富含氟化锂的SEI。本研究突出了非电化学方法在调整SEI组成以实现快速充电和长期稳定性方面的潜力，这两个参数在典型的电化学过程中由于权衡关系而难以同时提高。
