Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, Sławkowska 17, 31-016, Kraków, Poland.
, Magdeburg, Germany.
Sci Rep. 2021 Nov 23;11(1):22781. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-02110-8.
East Africa is a hotspot of biodiversity of many orthopteran taxa, including bushcrickets. Gonatoxia Karsch, 1889 species are fully alate Phaneropterinae, which are perfectly adapted to the foliage of forests. We examined five species using combined cytogenetic and molecular data to determine the inter- and intraspecific genetic diversity. The variation in the diploid number of chromosomes in males ranged from 2n = 28 + X0 and 26 + X0 to 2n = 6 + X0. Fluorescence in situ hybridization showed from one to many 18S rDNA loci as well as interstitial sequences, especially in G. helleri. 18S rDNA loci coincided with active NOR and C-banding patterns. The isolation of populations of the species explains differences in the number of chromosomes (G. maculata), chromosomal polymorphism and chromosomal heterozygosity (G. helleri). Our molecular phylogeny based on the COI locus supported the monophyly of the genus Gonatoxia and separateness of the five examined species in accordance with their morphological features and chromosome numbers as well as the species' distribution.
东非是许多直翅目类群（包括蝗科）生物多样性的热点地区。Gonatoxia Karsch，1889 年的物种是完全有翅的 Phaneropterinae，它们完全适应森林的树叶。我们使用组合细胞遗传学和分子数据检查了五个物种，以确定种间和种内遗传多样性。雄性染色体的二倍体数量从 2n = 28 + X0 和 26 + X0 到 2n = 6 + X0 不等。荧光原位杂交显示了一个到多个 18S rDNA 基因座以及间区序列，尤其是在 G. helleri 中。18S rDNA 基因座与活性 NOR 和 C-带模式一致。物种种群的隔离解释了染色体数量（G. maculata）、染色体多态性和染色体杂合性（G. helleri）的差异。我们基于 COI 基因座的分子系统发育支持 Gonatoxia 属的单系性，以及根据形态特征、染色体数量以及物种分布而将五种检查物种分开。
