González-Orozco Carlos E, Sosa Chrystian C, Thornhill Andrew H, Laffan Shawn W
Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA) Centro de Investigación La Libertad Villavicencio Colombia.
Departamento de Ciencias naturales y Matemáticas Pontificia Universidad Javeriana Cali Cali Colombia.
Evol Appl. 2021 Sep 16;14(11):2603-2617. doi: 10.1111/eva.13295. eCollection 2021 Nov.
Crop wild relatives (CWR) are an important agricultural resource as they contain genetic traits not found in cultivated species due to localized adaptation to unique environmental and climatic conditions. Phylogenetic diversity (PD) measures the evolutionary relationship of species using the tree of life. Our knowledge of CWR PD in neotropical regions is in its infancy. We analysed the distribution of CWR PD across Colombia and assessed its conservation status. The areas with the largest concentration of PD were identified as being in the northern part of the central and western Andean mountain ranges and the Pacific region. These centres of high PD were comprised of predominantly short and closely related branches, mostly of species of wild tomatoes and black peppers. In contrast, the CWR PD in the lowland ecosystems of the Amazon and Orinoquia regions had deeply diverging clades predominantly represented by long and distantly related branches (i.e. tuberous roots, grains and cacao). We categorized 50 (52.6%) of the CWR species as 'high priority', 36 as 'medium priority' and nine as 'low priority' for further ex-situ and in situ conservation actions. New areas of high PD and richness with large ex-situ gap collections were identified mainly in the northern part of the Andes of Colombia. We found that 56% of the grid cells with the highest PD values were unprotected. These baseline data could be used to create a comprehensive national strategy of CWR conservation in Colombia.
作物野生近缘种（CWR）是一种重要的农业资源，因为它们由于对独特的环境和气候条件进行局部适应而拥有栽培物种中未发现的遗传性状。系统发育多样性（PD）利用生命树来衡量物种的进化关系。我们对新热带地区CWR PD的了解尚处于起步阶段。我们分析了CWR PD在哥伦比亚的分布，并评估了其保护状况。PD浓度最高的地区被确定位于安第斯山脉中部和西部的北部以及太平洋地区。这些高PD中心主要由短且密切相关的分支组成，大多是野生番茄和黑胡椒物种。相比之下，亚马逊和奥里诺科亚地区低地生态系统中的CWR PD具有深度分化的分支，主要由长且远缘相关的分支代表（即块根、谷物和可可）。我们将50种（52.6%）CWR物种归类为“高优先级”，36种为“中优先级”，9种为“低优先级”，以便进一步开展迁地和就地保护行动。高PD和丰富度且迁地收集缺口较大的新区域主要在哥伦比亚安第斯山脉北部被发现。我们发现，PD值最高的网格单元中有56%未受到保护。这些基线数据可用于制定哥伦比亚CWR保护的全面国家战略。
