Cutress T W, Ainamo J, Sardo-Infirri J
Dental Research Unit, Medical Research Council of New Zealand, Wellington.
Int Dent J. 1987 Dec;37(4):222-33.
The FDI-WHO Joint Working Group 1 on periodontal diseases supports the use of the CPITN as an epidemiological screening procedure for periodontal treatment needs in populations and also, in a modified form for screening and monitoring of individuals by dental practitioners. The advantages of the CPITN procedure have become more evident following 7 years of development and field experience. This report reviews the CPITN procedure and describes in detail the use of the method for both purposes. Methods, clinical criteria and evaluation of the CPITN data are discussed. The CPITN is primarily a screening procedure which requires clinical assessment for the presence or absence of periodontal pockets, calculus and gingival bleeding. Use of a special CPITN periodontal probe (or its equivalent) is recommended. For epidemiological purposes in adult populations, 10 specified index teeth are examined; for persons under 20 years of age only six index teeth are specified. In dental practice all teeth are examined and the highest score for each sextant noted. Only 6 scores are recorded. Measures of gingival recession, tooth mobility, intensity of inflammation, precise identification of pocket depths or differentiation between supra- and subgingival calculus are not included in the CPITN. Individuals are assigned to one of four treatment need categories determined from their CPITN scores. Detailed explanations are given for the evaluation of epidemiological data. Four tabulations provide an insight into the overall pattern of prevalence, severity and categories of treatment need. For health services planning, the data provide a basis for estimating overall population needs in terms of treatment categories and the clinical personnel required for periodontal care. In the clinical care situation the procedure offers a simple screening method for determining the level of intervention required and also a tool for the longitudinal monitoring of disease changes. Used with commonsense and an understanding of periodontal disease, the CPITN procedure provides the epidemiologist and the practitioner with a practical means of assessing periodontal treatment needs.
世界牙科联盟（FDI）-世界卫生组织（WHO）牙周疾病联合工作组1支持使用社区牙周指数（CPITN）作为评估人群牙周治疗需求的流行病学筛查方法，并且支持牙科医生以一种改良形式使用该指数对个体进行筛查和监测。经过7年的发展和实际应用经验，CPITN方法的优势愈发明显。本报告回顾了CPITN方法，并详细描述了该方法用于上述两种目的的具体使用方式。文中讨论了CPITN方法、临床标准以及对CPITN数据的评估。CPITN主要是一种筛查方法，需要临床评估是否存在牙周袋、牙石和牙龈出血情况。建议使用专门的CPITN牙周探针（或等效工具）。对于成年人群的流行病学调查，需检查10颗特定的指数牙；对于20岁以下人群，仅指定6颗指数牙。在牙科临床实践中，需检查所有牙齿，并记录每个牙 sextant 的最高得分。仅记录6个得分。CPITN不包括牙龈退缩、牙齿松动度、炎症强度的测量，也不包括精确确定牙周袋深度或区分龈上和龈下牙石。根据CPITN得分，个体被归入四种治疗需求类别之一。文中对流行病学数据的评估给出了详细解释。四张表格深入展示了患病率、严重程度和治疗需求类别的总体模式。对于卫生服务规划而言，这些数据为估计总体人群在治疗类别方面的需求以及牙周护理所需的临床人员数量提供了依据。在临床护理中，该方法为确定所需干预水平提供了一种简单的筛查方法，也是纵向监测疾病变化的工具。结合常识并理解牙周疾病来使用CPITN方法，可为流行病学家和临床医生提供一种评估牙周治疗需求的实用手段。
