Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece.
Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; Environmental Institute, Okružná 784/42, 97241 Koš, Slovak Republic.
Sci Total Environ. 2022 Jan 20;805:150253. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150253. Epub 2021 Sep 15.
Siverskyi Donets is the fourth longest river in Ukraine and its ecosystem is heavily affected by numerous agricultural and industrial activities. An impact of the on-going armed military conflicts in the Eastern Ukraine to the overall pollution by the chemicals has been studied. Considering the uncontrolled activities in the catchment due to the conflict, there is a high demand to assess the contamination status of the Siverskyi Donets basin. In this study, the occurrence of the EU Water Framework Directive priority substances, selected physicochemical parameters and wide-range emerging contaminants were investigated in surface water, groundwater, biota and river sediments samples from 13 sampling sites in the river basin. The study included metals, inorganic, non-polar and polar organic contaminants. The wide-scope target screening of 2316 substances and suspect screening of 2219 substances revealed occurrence of 83 compounds in the studied samples. A few industrial chemicals such as plasticizers bisphenol A and DEHP, as well as flame retardant brominated diphenylethers were found to be potentially hazardous to the ecosystem, exceeding the established legacy environmental quality standards (EQS) or the provisional no-effect concentration (PNEC) values. River sediment samples contained traces of long-term banned chemicals such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and degradation products of DDT (p,p'-DDD and p,p'-DDE). A simplified risk assessment based on comparison of measured concentration of the detected compounds against their (eco)toxicity threshold values from the NORMAN Ecotoxicology Database has been performed to aid their prioritization in future monitoring and, eventually, establishing the list of Siverskyi Donets River Basin Specific Pollutants. A comparison with the recent similar studies in the Dniester and Dnieper river basins in Ukraine has shown that the overall pollution by chemicals in the Siverskyi Donets basin is significantly lower.
西维尔斯基顿涅茨河是乌克兰第四长的河流，其生态系统受到众多农业和工业活动的严重影响。本研究调查了正在进行的乌克兰东部武装军事冲突对该地区整体化学污染的影响。考虑到冲突期间集水区内不受控制的活动，非常需要评估西维尔斯基顿涅茨河流域的污染状况。在这项研究中，对来自该河流域 13 个采样点的地表水、地下水、生物群和河流沉积物样本中，优先考虑欧盟水框架指令的物质、选定的物理化学参数和广泛的新兴污染物的发生情况进行了调查。研究包括金属、无机、非极性和极性有机污染物。对 2316 种物质的广泛目标筛选和 2219 种物质的可疑筛选显示，在研究样本中发现了 83 种化合物。一些工业化学品，如增塑剂双酚 A 和 DEHP，以及阻燃剂溴化二苯醚，被发现对生态系统具有潜在的危害性，超过了既定的传统环境质量标准（EQS）或暂定无影响浓度（PNEC）值。河流沉积物样本中含有长期禁用的化学物质的痕迹，如多氯联苯（PCBs）和滴滴涕（p,p'-DDD 和 p,p'-DDE）的降解产物。基于将检测到的化合物的实测浓度与 NORMAN 生态毒理学数据库中的（生态）毒性阈值进行比较，对其进行了简化风险评估，以帮助在未来的监测中对其进行优先排序，并最终建立西维尔斯基顿涅茨河流域特定污染物清单。与乌克兰第聂伯河和德涅斯特河最近的类似研究进行比较表明，西维尔斯基顿涅茨河流域的化学污染总体水平明显较低。
