2021年3月在多哥，卫生专业人员接种第一剂ChAdOx1 nCoV-19冠状病毒疫苗（阿斯利康疫苗）后严重不良事件的发生率
Prevalence of severe adverse events among health professionals after receiving the first dose of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 coronavirus vaccine (Covishield) in Togo, March 2021.
作者信息
Konu Yao Rodion, Gbeasor-Komlanvi Fifonsi Adjidossi, Yerima Mouhoudine, Sadio Arnold Junior, Tchankoni Martin Kouame, Zida-Compaore Wendpouire Ida Carine, Nayo-Apetsianyi Josée, Afanvi Kossivi Agbélénko, Agoro Sibabe, Salou Mounerou, Landoh Dadja Essoya, Nyansa Atany B, Boko Essohanam, Mijiyawa Moustafa, Ekouevi Didier Koumavi
机构信息
Public Health Department, University of Lomé, Lomé, Togo.
African Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Public Health (CARESP), Lomé, Togo.
出版信息
Arch Public Health. 2021 Nov 24;79(1):207. doi: 10.1186/s13690-021-00741-x.
BACKGROUND
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines can cause adverse events that can lead to vaccine hesitancy. This study aims at estimating the prevalence of severe adverse events (SAEs) and their associated factors among health professionals vaccinated with ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine in Togo.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 13th to 19th, 2021 in Togo among health professionals who received the first dose of the vaccine. An online self-administered questionnaire was used to collect sociodemographic and vaccination data. SAEs were defined as one resulting in hospitalization, medical consultation, or inability to work the day following the administration of the vaccine. Data analysis were performed using R© 4.0.1 software, and a 5% significance level was considered.
RESULTS
A total of 1,639 health professionals (70.2% male) with a median age of 32 (interquartile range: 27-40) were enrolled. At least one adverse event was reported among 71.6% of participants (95% CI = [69.3-73.8]). The most commonly reported adverse events were injection site pain (91.0%), asthenia (74.3%), headache (68.7%), soreness (55.0%), and fever (47.5%). An increased libido was also reported in 3.0% of participants. Of the participants who experienced adverse events, 18.2% were unable to go to work the day after vaccination, 10.5% consulted a medical doctor, and 1.0% were hospitalized. The SAEs' prevalence was 23.8% (95% CI = [21.8-25.9]). Being <30 years (AOR = 5.54; p<0.001), or 30-49 years (AOR = 3.62; p<0.001) and being female (AOR = 1.97; p<0.001) were associated with SAEs.
CONCLUSIONS
High prevalence of SAEs have been observed in health professionals in Togo after ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccination especially in young people and females. However, these data are reassuring as they inform on COVID-19 vaccines' SAE management. Systematic prescription of antalgics or antipyretics could be proposed to young people who get vaccinated.
背景
2019冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫苗可引发不良事件，进而导致疫苗犹豫。本研究旨在估算多哥接种ChAdOx1 nCoV-19疫苗的卫生专业人员中严重不良事件（SAE）的发生率及其相关因素。
方法
2021年3月13日至19日在多哥对接种了第一剂该疫苗的卫生专业人员开展了一项横断面研究。通过在线自填问卷收集社会人口学和疫苗接种数据。严重不良事件定义为接种疫苗后次日导致住院、就医或无法工作的事件。使用R© 4.0.1软件进行数据分析，显著性水平设定为5%。
结果
共纳入1639名卫生专业人员（70.2%为男性），中位年龄为32岁（四分位间距：27 - 40岁）。71.6%的参与者报告了至少一种不良事件（95%置信区间 = [69.3 - 73.8]）。最常报告的不良事件为注射部位疼痛（91.0%）、乏力（74.3%）、头痛（68.7%）、酸痛（55.0%）和发热（47.5%）。3.0%的参与者还报告性欲增强。在经历不良事件的参与者中，18.2%在接种疫苗次日无法上班，10.5%咨询了医生，1.0%住院。严重不良事件的发生率为23.8%（95%置信区间 = [21.8 - 25.9]）。年龄<30岁（比值比 = 5.54；p<0.001）或30 - 49岁（比值比 = 3.62；p<0.001）以及女性（比值比 = 1.97；p<0.001）与严重不良事件相关。
结论
在多哥，卫生专业人员接种ChAdOx1 nCoV-19疫苗后严重不良事件的发生率较高，尤其是在年轻人和女性中。然而，这些数据令人安心，因为它们为COVID-19疫苗严重不良事件的管理提供了信息。对于接种疫苗的年轻人，可建议系统性开具镇痛药或退热药。
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