Department of Clinical Anatomy, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8519, Japan.
Inclusive Medical Science Research Institute, Morinomiya University of Medical Sciences, Osaka, Japan.
Sci Rep. 2021 Nov 24;11(1):22813. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-02381-1.
Recently, pathological changes in the fat pad on the anterior inferior iliac spine (AIIS), between the proximal rectus femoris and joint capsule, have been highlighted as a cause of anterior hip pain. However, precise fat pad features, such as the spatial distribution distal to the AIIS, histological features, and in vivo tissue elasticity, remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the morphological characteristics of the fat pad on the AIIS. Four hips from four cadaveric donors were both macroscopically and histologically investigated, and eight hips from four volunteers were assessed using ultrasonography. The fat pad on the AIIS was also surrounded by the iliopsoas and gluteus minimus, extending distally to the superficial portion of the vastus lateralis, and the anterior portion of the gluteus maximus tendon. Histological analysis revealed that the fat pad was composed of loose connective tissue. Based on the ultrasonography, the shear wave velocity in the fat pad was significantly lower than that in the joint capsule. Conclusively, the pathological adhesion between the joint capsule and pericapsular muscles, if caused by fat pad fibrosis, may occur following the abovementioned fat pad spatial distribution.
最近，人们强调了髂前下棘（AIIS）前脂肪垫（位于近端股直肌和关节囊之间）的病理学变化是导致髋关节前侧疼痛的原因之一。然而，脂肪垫的精确特征，如在 AIIS 远端的空间分布、组织学特征和体内组织弹性，仍不清楚。本研究旨在探讨 AIIS 处脂肪垫的形态特征。从四个尸体供体的四个髋关节进行了宏观和组织学研究，并对四个志愿者的八个髋关节进行了超声检查。AIIS 处的脂肪垫被髂腰肌和小臀肌包围，向股外侧肌浅部和臀大肌肌腱前部分延伸。组织学分析显示，脂肪垫由疏松结缔组织组成。根据超声检查，脂肪垫的剪切波速度明显低于关节囊。综上所述，如果关节囊和关节囊周围肌肉的病理性粘连是由脂肪垫纤维化引起的，那么这种粘连可能会沿着上述脂肪垫的空间分布发生。
