Vocational Program of Animal Husbandry, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, 57126, Indonesia; Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Corvallis, OR, 97331, USA; Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, 16680, Indonesia.
Department of Animal Science, Politeknik Negeri Jember, Jember, 68101, Indonesia.
Poult Sci. 2022 Jan;101(1):101566. doi: 10.1016/j.psj.2021.101566. Epub 2021 Oct 26.
A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of supplementary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) sources in the diet on the formation of some important n-3 PUFA contents in eggs and to assess factors contributing to the conversion efficiency of omega-3 in laying hens. A dataset was constructed from 34 studies examining the impact of dietary inclusion with ingredients rich in n-3 PUFA on fatty acids profile and production performance of laying hens. The eligibility criteria were developed to obtain studies reporting required information with sufficient quality. The mixed model methodology was employed where the "study" was set as random effects and fatty acid (FA) supplements as fixed effects. Several factors were included in the models as covariates. Discrete analysis for sources of FA was also performed to compare their effects on FA formation in eggs. Significant linear positive associations were observed between the concentration of α-linolenic acid (ALA), total n-3 PUFA, and the ratio of linoleic acid (LA) to ALA (LA/ALA) in diets with the formation of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), total n-3 PUFA, and n6/n3 ratio in egg (P < 0.05) with different magnitudes. ALA and total n-3 PUFAs concentration had no relationship with cholesterol concentration, feed intake, and egg weight. Prediction models for DHA formation was higher for ALA as predictor variables (slope = 0.482; R = 0.684) than n-3 PUFAs (slopes = 0.998, R = 0.628). Significant interactions were found on the level of ALA × FA sources and n-3 PUFA × FA sources. Fish oil (P = 0.0148, R = 0.732) improved the prediction equation to estimate DHA formation. To conclude, levels of ALA, n-3 PUFA, and the ratio of LA/ALA can be used as predictor variables to estimate the formation of n-3 fatty acids in eggs. It was confirmed that although all n-3 FA sources had a positive correlation on DHA and n-3 PUFA deposition, however, fish oil showed the highest prediction model for DHA formation across all FA sources included in the dataset.
进行了一项荟萃分析，以评估饮食中补充 n-3 多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）来源对鸡蛋中某些重要 n-3 PUFA 含量形成的影响，并评估影响蛋鸡中 omega-3 转化率的因素。从 34 项研究中构建了一个数据集，这些研究考察了饮食中添加富含 n-3 PUFA 的成分对蛋鸡脂肪酸谱和生产性能的影响。制定了资格标准，以获得报告所需信息且质量足够的研究。采用混合模型方法，其中“研究”设置为随机效应，脂肪酸（FA）补充剂设置为固定效应。模型中包含了几个因素作为协变量。还对 FA 来源进行了离散分析，以比较它们对鸡蛋中 FA 形成的影响。在饮食中 α-亚麻酸（ALA）、总 n-3 PUFA 和亚油酸（LA）与 ALA 的比例（LA/ALA）浓度与二十碳五烯酸（EPA）、二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）、总 n-3 PUFA 和鸡蛋中 n6/n3 比值的形成之间观察到显著的线性正相关（P < 0.05），但相关程度不同。ALA 和总 n-3 PUFA 浓度与胆固醇浓度、饲料摄入量和蛋重无关。ALA 作为预测变量的 DHA 形成预测模型（斜率=0.482；R=0.684）高于 n-3 PUFA（斜率=0.998，R=0.628）。在 ALA 水平和 FA 来源以及 n-3 PUFA 水平和 FA 来源之间发现了显著的相互作用。鱼油（P=0.0148，R=0.732）改善了估计 DHA 形成的预测方程。总之，ALA、n-3 PUFA 和 LA/ALA 比值可以作为预测变量，用于估计鸡蛋中 n-3 脂肪酸的形成。证实了虽然所有 n-3 FA 来源对 DHA 和 n-3 PUFA 的沉积都有正相关，但在包含在数据集的所有 FA 来源中，鱼油对 DHA 形成的预测模型最高。
