Setia Aseem, Bhatia Jasween, Bhattacharya Sankha
Department of Pharmaceutics, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab-142001, India.
Department of Masters in Public Health Science, Symbiosis Institute of Health Science, Pune-411042, India.
CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets. 2022;21(9):774-794. doi: 10.2174/1871527320666211125101424.
Acute Flaccid Myelitis is defined by the presence of Acute Flaccid Paralysis (AFP) and a spinal cord lesion on magnetic resonance imaging that is primarily limited to the grey matter. AFM is a difficult situation to deal with when you have a neurologic illness. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), a large number of cases were discovered in the United States in 2014, with 90% of cases occurring in children. Although the exact cause of AFM is unknown, mounting evidence suggests a link between AFM and enterovirus D68 (EV-D68). In 2014, an outbreak of AFM was discovered in the United States. The condition was initially linked to polioviruses; however, it was later found that the viruses were caused by non-polioviruses Enteroviruses D-68 (EV-D68). The number of cases has increased since 2014, and the disease has been declared pandemic in the United States. The sudden onset of muscle weakness, usually in an arm or leg, as well as pain throughout the body, the change in patient's facial expression (facial weakness), and shortness of breath, ingesting, and speaking are all common symptoms in patients suffering from neurologic disease. This article includes graphic and histogram representations of reported AFM incidents and criteria for causality, epidemiology, various diagnostic approaches, signs and symptoms, and various investigational guidelines. It also includes key statements about recent clinical findings related to AFM disease.
急性弛缓性脊髓炎的定义为存在急性弛缓性麻痹(AFP)且磁共振成像显示脊髓病变主要局限于灰质。当患有神经系统疾病时,急性弛缓性脊髓炎是一种难以应对的情况。根据美国疾病控制与预防中心(CDC)的数据,2014年在美国发现了大量病例,其中90%的病例发生在儿童身上。尽管急性弛缓性脊髓炎的确切病因尚不清楚,但越来越多的证据表明它与肠道病毒D68(EV - D68)之间存在联系。2014年,在美国发现了急性弛缓性脊髓炎的疫情。该病最初被认为与脊髓灰质炎病毒有关;然而,后来发现这些病毒是由非脊髓灰质炎病毒肠道病毒D - 68(EV - D68)引起的。自2014年以来病例数量有所增加,在美国该病已被宣布为大流行病。肌肉无力通常突然出现在一只胳膊或一条腿上,以及全身疼痛、患者面部表情变化(面部无力)、呼吸急促、吞咽困难和言语障碍都是患有神经系统疾病患者的常见症状。本文包括已报告的急性弛缓性脊髓炎事件的图表和柱状图表示,以及因果关系标准、流行病学、各种诊断方法、体征和症状,还有各种调查指南。它还包括关于急性弛缓性脊髓炎疾病近期临床发现的关键陈述。