Centro Sanitario Sandoval, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, IdISSC, Madrid, Spain.
Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
Euro Surveill. 2021 Nov;26(47). doi: 10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2021.26.47.2001501.
IntroductionKnowing the factors associated with HIV transmission is necessary in order to design preventive programmes tailored to the epidemiological situation in each region and population.AimOur objective was to study the sociodemographic, clinical and behavioural characteristics of men who have sex with men (MSM) who were newly diagnosed with HIV infection.MethodsWe carried out an observational, descriptive, study on all MSM newly diagnosed with HIV infection in one clinic for sexually transmitted infections (STI) and HIV clinic in Madrid between 2014 and 2019. Information on sociodemographic, clinical, and behavioural characteristics of participants per year of diagnosis was collected.ResultsWe detected a total of 1,398 people with HIV infection, 253 of whom were recent seroconverters (rSCV) with a median duration of documented seroconversion of 6 months. From the total, 97.9% infections were sexually transmitted and 2.1% involved injected drugs, i.e. slam practices. The average age was 32.9 years (range: 15.6-74.9), 51.8% were Spanish and 40% Latin American. These diagnoses decreased in Spanish people and increased in Latin Americans during the study period. Of the rSCV, 73.9% had condomless sex under the influence of drugs and 28.9% participated in chemsex sessions. Apps were used by 92.6% rSCV for sexual encounters and 70.4% of them attributed HIV transmission to their use.ConclusionsCombination of HIV prevention strategies, as pre-exposure prophylaxis, should be reinforced among young MSM, especially those born in Latin America, those who use drugs for sex, and those who use apps in search of sexual contacts.
引言
了解与 HIV 传播相关的因素对于根据每个地区和人群的流行病学情况制定针对性的预防计划至关重要。
目的
本研究旨在分析新诊断为 HIV 感染的男男性行为者（MSM）的社会人口学、临床和行为特征。
方法
我们对 2014 年至 2019 年间在马德里一家性传播感染（STI）和 HIV 诊所新诊断为 HIV 感染的所有 MSM 进行了一项观察性、描述性研究。收集了每年诊断时参与者的社会人口学、临床和行为特征信息。
结果
我们共发现 1398 例 HIV 感染者，其中 253 例为近期血清转换者（rSCV），血清转换中位时间为 6 个月。在所有感染者中，97.9%的感染为性传播，2.1%的感染与注射毒品有关，即 slam 行为。平均年龄为 32.9 岁（范围：15.6-74.9），51.8%为西班牙人，40%为拉丁裔。在此期间，西班牙人诊断人数减少，拉丁裔人数增加。rSCV 中有 73.9%在药物影响下发生无保护性行为，28.9%参与 chemsex 活动。92.6%的 rSCV 使用应用程序寻找性接触，其中 70.4%的人认为 HIV 是通过使用应用程序传播的。
结论
应加强包括暴露前预防在内的 HIV 预防策略，特别是针对年轻的 MSM，尤其是那些出生在拉丁美洲、因性使用毒品和使用应用程序寻找性接触的 MSM。
