Department of Molecular Biology and Genomics, University Center for Health Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico.
Endocrine. 2022 Feb;75(2):338-350. doi: 10.1007/s12020-021-02941-5. Epub 2021 Nov 25.
In both type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), there is a substantial β-cell mass loss. Residual β-cell mass is susceptible to cellular damage because of specific pancreatic β-cell characteristics. β cells have a low proliferation rate, being in human adults almost zero and a low antioxidant system that makes β cells susceptible to oxidative stress and increases their vulnerability to cell destruction. Different strategies have been addressed to preserve pancreatic β-cell residual mass and function in patients with diabetes. However, the effect of many compounds proposed in rodent models to trigger β-cell replication has different results in human β cells. In this review, scientific evidence of β-cell of two major regenerative approaches has been gathered. Regeneration proceedings for pancreatic β cells are promising and could improve β-cell proliferation capacity and contribute to the conservation of mature β-cell phenotypic characteristics. This evidence supports the notion that regenerative medicine could be a helpful strategy to yield amelioration of T1D and T2D pathogenesis.
在 1 型糖尿病（T1D）和 2 型糖尿病（T2D）中，都存在大量的β细胞质量损失。由于胰腺β细胞的特定特征，残留的β细胞质量容易受到细胞损伤。β细胞的增殖率较低，在成年人体内几乎为零，抗氧化系统较低，这使得β细胞容易受到氧化应激的影响，并增加了它们对细胞破坏的脆弱性。已经提出了不同的策略来保护糖尿病患者的胰腺β细胞的剩余质量和功能。然而，在啮齿动物模型中提出的许多促使β细胞复制的化合物在人类β细胞中的效果不同。在这篇综述中，已经收集了两种主要再生方法的β细胞的科学证据。胰腺β细胞的再生程序很有前途，可以提高β细胞的增殖能力，并有助于保持成熟β细胞表型特征。这一证据支持了再生医学可能是改善 T1D 和 T2D 发病机制的一种有益策略的观点。
